lecture 30

Question 1

what are the main structures within the female reproductive system?

Answer 1

• Ovary (produce/ release oocyte, generate hormones)
• uterine tubes (directs released oocyte towards uterus)
• uterus (site of embryonic and fetal development)
• cervix
• vagina

Question 2

what are the female ovarian and menstrual cycle?

Answer 2

the female ovarian cycle takes about 28 days
it exists of 3 phases
- 1st follicle (preovulatory) phase (day 1-13)
- 2nd ovulation (day 14)
- 3rd lutea (postovulatory) (day 15-28)

FSH- stimulates development of follicle
LH - stimulates the corpus luteum
these effect the ovaries. the anterior pituitary gland produces.

the female menstruation cycle
these are the endometrial changes during the uterine cycle.
there are 3 different phases
- menstrual phase (destruction of functional layer)
- proliferative phase (repair and regeneration of functional layer)
- secretory phase (secretion by uterine glands)

first phase is when the bleeding happens and then the last 2 phases are there for building up of the uterine wall ready for implantation of a fertilized oocyte.

Question 3

what role does the hypothalamus- pituitary- gonadal (HPG) axis play and what hormones are involved in the control of the female cycle

Answer 3

it makes sure you get you’re period, that can only happen if the oestrogens and progesterone levels are high enough. this can happen due to too much exercise. (overtraining)

Question 4

what do the terms puberty, menopause and amenorrhea mean?

Answer 4

menopause occurs when a woman has gone trough 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period.

amenorrhea

• insufficient caloric intake
• low body fat mass
• psychological and physical stress of exercise itself