Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Prisons and Prisoners Lectures > Lecture 4: Understanding the ‘hidden’ functions of prisons > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Understanding the ‘hidden’ functions of prisons Flashcards

1
Q

What does Mathiesen conclude about prisons in his 1990 book ‘Prisons on Trial’?

A

They are a complete failure in meeting their stated aims, its ability to prevent future crimes through:
- Deterring
- Incapacitating
- Rehabilitating individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What two philosophical theories of punishment does Mathiesen discuss?

A

Utilitarian and retributive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

According to Durkheim, what is the primary function of punishment?

A

Affirming collective conscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What countries does Mathiesen 1990 prisons on trial collate evidence from regarding the defensibly of prison?

A

Scandinavia
Britain
United States

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does utilitarian theory argue about punishment?

A

Argues that punishment is JUSTIFIED on basis of
PREVENTING future offending via
- deterrence,
- incapacitation and
- rehabilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does retributive theory argue about punishment?

A

Punishment is DESERVED by the offender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does imprisonment help affirm collective conscience according to Durkheim?

A

By symbolizing condemnation of offenders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which critique questions the usefulness of Durkheim’s theory?

A

Contemporary society lacks shared values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

For Durkheim, what provides a function to society?

A

Punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For Durkheim, what key term means - based on a shared belief in core or fundamental values

A

The collective conscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For Durkheim what view does punishment reinforce and what does it repair?

A

Reinforces peoples views that the behaviour is wrong and repairs social harms caused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

For Durkheim, people are motivated to see that offenders get their…

A

Just Deserts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

For Durkheim , the primary focus of punishment is the ritualized reaffirmation of….. and reinforcement of… (quotation found in garland)

A

….ritualised reaffirmation of COLLECTIVE VALUES and the reinforcement of GROUP SOLIDARITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

For Durkheim, the prison as symbolism of modern punishment represents an example of our …

A

Most severe punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Criticisms of Durkheim’s theory on punishment

A
  • Punishment can evoke social diversion instead of solidarity
  • What is functional for one group is dysfunctional for another
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do Chamberlen & Carvalho argue punishment achieves?

A

Appearance of social bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What key idea underpins Marxist theories of crime?

A

Inequality shaped by economics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do Marxists view the concept of ‘crime’?

A

Socially constructed by the powerful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do Marxists see as a key mechanism of social control?

A
  • Laws
  • Criminalizing marginalized groups
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What ‘hidden function’ of imprisonment is suggested by Marxists?

A

Managing surplus workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What evidence is highlighted for the ‘hidden function’ of managing marginal groups?

A

Prisoners’ socioeconomic status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the ‘prison-industrial complex’ according to Marxists?

A

Interconnections between criminal justice, politics and economics around incarceration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What kind of work do most prisoners undertake inside prisons?

A

Prison maintenance and operation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a key critique of the wages paid to prisoners for work?

A

They do not reflect the actual work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is a positive example of prison work programs mentioned?

A

Training academics for future jobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

According to Mathiesen, why do prisons continue to exist if they fail in their goals?

A

They symbolise moral condemnation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What key idea from Durkheim helps explain continued use of prisons?

A

Meeting public demand for punishment

28
Q

What financial factors help explain prison growth according to Marxists?

A

Saving money previously spent on welfare

29
Q

What question is raised about whether prisons meet their goals?

A

Does the public believe prisons achieve their intended aims

30
Q

What related question highlights issues of legitimacy?

A

Do prisoners accept the system’s authority as fair?

31
Q

Utilitarian theory sees punishment as justified when:

A

It helps prevent future crimes

32
Q

Which theory focuses most on the symbolic value of punishment?

A

Durkheimian

33
Q

Imprisonment helps affirm collective conscience through:

A

Symbolizing the condemnation of offenders’ actions

34
Q

Which theorist questions the cohesiveness of shared societal values today?

A

Marxist

35
Q

The Marxist view of crime sees it as:

A

A means to advance class interests

36
Q

Which theory highlights economic inequality as shaping responses to crime?

A

Marxist

37
Q

Marxists see the criminalisation of marginalized groups as:

A

A key mechanism of social control

38
Q

The concept of the ‘prison-industrial complex’ points to:

A

Interconnections between criminal justice, politics and economics around incarceration

39
Q

An example of prison labor highlighted as potential good practice is:

A

Training academies run by external employers

40
Q

Continued use of prisons despite criticisms can be explained by:

A

Public demand for harsh punishment

41
Q

Marxists explain growing prison populations partially through:

A

Greater connections between criminal justice, politics and economics

42
Q

Questions about prison legitimacy focus on whether:

A

Prisoners accept prison authorities as rightfully dictating rules and behavior while incarcerated

43
Q

Which theory justifies punishment on proportionate retribution grounds?

A

Retributive

44
Q

Imprisonment symbolizing condemnation of offenders relates most clearly to which theorist’s view of punishment?

A

Durkheim

45
Q

Which critique questions the usefulness of symbolic punishment views to explain responses to volume crime?

A

Marxist

46
Q

The concept of the ‘prison industrial complex’ suggests connections between:

A

Politics, economics and criminal justice around incarceration

47
Q

Continued use of incarceration is explained by:

A

Public demands for harsher punishments

48
Q

Prison population growth is linked by Marxists to:

A

Savings enabling tax cuts to satisfy electorates

49
Q

Questions about the legitimacy of imprisonment relate to:

A

Prisoners accepting the system’s rules and authority while inside

50
Q

Which theory is rooted in the idea of shared societal values?

A

Durkheimian

51
Q

Imprisonment symbolizes condemnation of which group?

A

Offenders

52
Q

The Marxist view of crime sees it as:

A

A mean to advance elite interests

53
Q

Continuance of incarceration is linked to:

A

Demands for punishment

54
Q

Durkheim sees punishment as preserving:

A

Collective conscience

55
Q

The Marxist view sees criminalization of marginalized groups as:

A

A mechanism of social control

56
Q

Foucault’s critique of incarceration focused on:

A

Its disciplinary power dynamics

57
Q

Mathiesen’s conclusions questioned whether prisons:

A

Achieve their stated aims around deterrence and reform

58
Q

The concept of ‘procedural justice’ relates to:

A

Fairness of decision-making processes

59
Q

Marxists explain prison labor’s exploitation through:

A

Poverty wages for maintenance tasks

60
Q

Durkheim sees punishment rituals affirming:

A

Collective conscience

61
Q

What do wing workers do?

A
  • Work exclusively on the wings
  • Boys in green
  • Clean cells
  • Serve food
62
Q

The Clink Cardiff offered?

A

Through the gate provision

63
Q

What do ROTL stand for?

A

Release On Temporary Licence

64
Q

What is a Stage 1 job?

A
  • Training often inside prison
  • £3.30 a day
65
Q

What is a Stage 2 job?

A
  • ‘Proper’ employment in the community
  • Paid minimum wage
66
Q

What schedule do prisoners follow?

A

Regimented

67
Q

Where do orderlies work?

A

In the gym, reception and chapel etc

Prisons and Prisoners Lectures (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions