lecture 5 Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is a firm’s most prized possession?
the firm’s reputation
(not just about attracting customers, but attracting and retaining staff)
(can easily be damaged)
what is trust?
the willingness to be vulnerable to an authority based on positive expectations about the authority’s actions and intentions
trust = willing to be vulnerable
risk = actually becoming vulnerable
what are the drivers of trust?
disposition
- how willing am i to trust in general?
cognition
- how trustworthy is this person?
affect
- how do i feel about this person?
what is disposition-based trust?
trust propensity
what is trust propensity?
a general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon
predicts intention to trust when information about trustworthiness is ambiguous
may be one of the first personality traits to develop
trust propensity levels are relatively high in Canada
what is the “invisible authority experiment”?
A researcher dressed as a police officer, a businessman, or a regular person instructed pedestrians to do odd things (e.g., pick up litter, move to another location).
People were far more likely to obey the person in the police-style uniform, even without questioning the request.
what is cognition-based trust?
trustworthiness
what is trustworthiness?
the characteristics of a trustee that inspire trust
- ability (Relatively stable capabilities of people for performing a particular range of related activities)
- benevolence (The belief that an authority wants to do good for a trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centred motives)
- inegrity (The perception that an authority adheres to a set of values and principles that the trustor finds acceptable)
trust has a ______ positive effect on performance
moderate
trust has a _____ positive effect on commitment
strong
what is justice?
the perceived fairness of an authority’s decision making
justice-relevant acts can serve as behavioural evidence of trustworthiness
what is distributive justice? what are the 3 distribution norms?
the perceived fairness of outcomes
- equity (more outcomes for more inputs)
- equality (equal distribution of outcomes)
- need (more outcomes for those who need them)
what is procedural justice? what are the 6 procedural rules?
the perceived fairness of decision-making processes
VCCBRA = very cute cats bake raspberry apples
1. voice (express opinions)
2. correctability (request an appeal)
3. consistency (across people and time)
4. bias suppression (neutral and unbiased)
5. representativeness (needs of all groups)
6. accuracy (based on accurate info)
consumer reports serves as a good example of procedural justice in action
_______ justice tends to be a _____ predictor of satisfaction with supervision, overall job satisfaction, and organizational commitment
Procedural justice tends to be a strong predictor of satisfaction with supervision, overall job satisfaction, and organizational commitment
distributive justice and procedural justice combine to influence what?
combine to influence employee reactions
what is interpersonal justice? what are the 2 guiding principles?
the perceived fairness of the treatment received
- respect (treat people in a dignified manner)
- propriety (refrain from making inappropriate remarks)
taken to extremes, interpersonally unjust actions create abusive supervision (The sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviours, excluding physical contact, by a supervisor)
(15% of employees are victims to abusive supervision)
what is informational justice? what are the 2 rules?
perceived fairness of the communications provided to employees from authorities
- justification (explained in a comprehensive manner)
- truthfulness (communications from authorities are honest and candid)
(75% of HR felt stress/ anxiety/ depression when they had to conduct layoffs)
what are ethics? what are the 2 primary lenses?
the degree to which one’s behaviours match generally accepted moral norms
two primary lenses:
- prescriptive (debate about how people OUGHT to act)
- dominant lens in discussion of legal ethics, etc - descriptive (scientific studies of how people TEND to act)
- dominant lens in psychology
what are 3 ethical theories?
Consequentialist Theories:
- emphasize the consequences of behaviour (e.g., maximum good = “right”).
Rule-Based Theories:
- emphasize the character of the act (e.g., respectful), rather than its effects.
Character-Based Theories:
- emphasize the character of the individual (e.g., virtue, integrity) and the intent of the actor (e.g., meant well).
what are consequentialist theories of ethics?
utilitarian benefits (Mill)
- the greatest good for the greatest number
distributive justice (Rawls)
- “look out for the little guy”
what are rule-based theories of ethics?
universal rules (Kant)
- “veil of ignorance”
religious injunctions (St. Augustine)
- “the golden rule”
what are character theories of ethics?
personal virtues (Aristotle)
- “Never take any action which is not honest, open, and truthful, and which you would not be proud to see reported widely in national newspapers and on network television.”
what is composed in the four-component model of ethical decision-making?
ethical behaviours result from the 4-step sequence
moral awareness
moral judgement
moral intent
ethical behaviour
what is moral awareness, and what does it depend on?
recognition by an authority that a moral issue exists in a situation
depends on:
1. moral intensity: degree to which an issue has ethical urgency (high for potential harm or social pressure)
2. moral attentiveness: degree to which people chronically perceive and consider issues of morality during their experiences
