Lecture 5 Flashcards
(42 cards)
before birth, blood leaves the right atrium to bypass the lung through:
Ductus arteriosus and
foramen ovale
A connection between the 6th aortic arch:
Ductus arteriosus
A hole between the right and left atria, allowing blood to pass from the right side to the left side and not ever get pumped into the lungs:
Foramen ovale
Allows blood to skip past the lungs and join up with partially oxygenated blood that is being pumped out of the left ventricle:
Ductus arteriosus
Where does the spent blood from the fetus go?
Umbilical artery
The distal end of the internal iliac artery is an old connection of the _________ which goes towards the placenta
Umbilical artery
Oxygenated blood returning to the fetus returns via the:
Umbilical vein
Where does more oxygen-rich blood pass through on the fetus?
Foramen ovale over to the left side
A pathway from the placenta to the upper region of the IVC bypasses the liver through the:
Ductus Venosus
The _____ umbilical vein eventually degenerates
right
Closes at the moment of birth:
Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
What closes the foramen ovale?
interatrial flap valve
The umbilical vein becomes the:
round ligament of the liver
Ductus arteriosus turns into what in the adult?
Ligamentum arteriosum
Ductus venosus turns in what in the adult?
Ligamentum venosum
The thinnest, smoothest part of the interatrial wall:
Fossa ovalis
When the foramen ovale fuses into the interatiral wall, it then becomes:
Fossa ovalis
4 functions of the integumentary system:
- protection
- thermoregulation
- sensory
- synthesis
Removal of cellular debris and invading micro-organisms:
Phagocytes
2 types of phagocytes:
Microphages
Macrophages
Natural killer cells adhere to abnormal cells and tear them open with an enzyme called:
Perforin
Responsible for “cell-mediated immunity”
-a specific defense against invading foreign cells:
T-cells
Responsible for “humoral immunity”
-defense by means of antibodies:
B-cells
T-lymphocytes:
Specific antibodies
