Lecture 5 - Neuroimaging #1 - AI Powered Questions Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is neuroimaging?
Neuroimaging refers to technologies that allow the study of the brain’s structure and function in living individuals.
How did early neuroscience learn about brain functions?
Through autopsy studies examining the brains of individuals who suffered from particular ailments.
What is the relevance of neuroimaging to speech language pathologists?
Many patients will have neuroimaging orders for diagnosis and treatment planning.
What was phrenology?
A belief that personality traits are manifested by the size and location of bumps on the skull.
True or False: Phrenology is considered a scientific discipline today.
False.
What concept is current in today’s neuroscience regarding brain functions?
Structural and functional localization of different brain regions.
What is ‘the knowledge’ in the context of London taxi drivers?
The ability to memorize all the streets in a certain region of London.
What part of the brain is associated with memory formation?
The hippocampus.
Fill in the blank: X rays were discovered in _______ by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.
1895.
How do X rays work in imaging?
They pass through the body, with denser tissues absorbing more energy.
What is a limitation of X ray images?
They provide a two-dimensional view of three-dimensional objects.
What can X rays effectively reveal?
- Fractures
- Bone erosion
- Calcification.
Why do X rays not visualize neural tissue well?
Neural structures have similar densities, making them hard to differentiate.
What is cerebral angiography used for?
To visualize blood vessels in the brain using X rays.
What is an angiogram?
An image created by cerebral angiography showing blood vessels.
What is an arteriovenous malformation (AVM)?
An abnormal proliferation of blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord.
What can an AVM cause?
- Pressure on neural tissue
- Symptoms similar to a stroke
- Risk of hemorrhage.
What is a potential risk of angiography?
Embolus formation leading to stroke.
What is a computed tomography (CT) scan?
A neuro radiological technique that uses X rays to create detailed images of the brain.
What does the term ‘tomography’ mean?
It refers to creating a virtual two-dimensional slice through a three-dimensional structure.
How does CT scanning improve upon traditional X rays?
It allows differentiation between various neural tissues.
What is the primary function of CT scanning?
To create detailed images of the body’s internal structures
CT scanning is particularly useful for imaging the head, abdomen, and other parts of the body.
Describe the process involved in a CT scan.
The patient lies on a surface that slides through the scanner, while X-ray transmitters and receivers rotate around
The rotation allows for imaging from different angles.
What sound can a patient expect to hear during a CT scan?
A whirring sound
This sound is produced by the spinning X-ray transmitters and receivers.
