Lecture 8 - Aphasia #2 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
A type of fluent aphasia resulting in severe deficits in comprehension of spoken language
Characterized by fluent speech that may lack meaning, often referred to as jargon aphasia due to the use of neologisms.
Where is Wernicke’s area located?
In the left temporal lobe
Responsible for auditory processing and understanding spoken language.
What is jargon aphasia?
A condition where a person produces words that aren’t real, using neologisms
Often associated with Wernicke’s aphasia.
What is the primary issue in Wernicke’s aphasia that affects repetition skills?
Lack of comprehension
Unlike Broca’s aphasia, where repetition is poor due to expressive difficulties.
What is conduction aphasia attributed to?
Damage to the arcuate fasciculus
This connects Wernicke’s area to Broca’s area.
What are paraphasias?
Errors in speech where a person says a word related to the intended word
Includes semantic paraphasias (similar meaning) and phonemic paraphasias (similar sounds).
What characterizes transcortical sensory aphasia?
Fluent expression with good repetition skills
Patients may exhibit echolalia, repeating what they hear without understanding.
What is the main difference between transcortical motor aphasia and Broca’s aphasia?
Patients with transcortical motor aphasia can repeat easily
Both have good comprehension but differ in spontaneous speech initiation.
What defines anomic aphasia?
Fluent speech with significant word-finding difficulties
Comprehension is preserved, and patients may use vague terms.
What is circumlocution?
Talking around a topic without finding the specific word
Example: describing ‘scissors’ as ‘the thing you cut with’.
How does the recovery process typically evolve after a stroke?
Initial severe impairments stabilize, followed by gradual recovery
Most rapid recovery occurs in the first few months.
What is the ICF framework?
International Classification of Functioning, focusing on health issues and their life impact
Categories include impairment, activity limitation, and participation.
What does ‘people first’ language mean in the context of aphasia?
Referring to individuals as ‘person with aphasia’ rather than ‘aphasic’
Emphasizes respect for the individual’s identity beyond their condition.
What factors should be considered when devising treatment for individuals with aphasia?
Communication priorities based on personality and pre-stroke situation
Understanding their context helps tailor effective treatments.
What is a significant consideration for multicultural patients with aphasia?
Their English proficiency prior to the stroke may have been limited
This impacts treatment expectations and outcomes.
What role does an interpreter play in assessing patients with aphasia?
Facilitates communication when the patient speaks a different language
It’s essential to prepare the interpreter in advance for effective assessment.
What percentage of patients did the speech-language pathologist mention do not speak English as their first language?
70%
This statistic highlights the multicultural nature of Toronto.
What is the role of an interpreter in aphasia assessment?
To help facilitate communication by understanding specific speech and language assessment terms
Terms like circumlocution, neologisms, and paraphasias need to be explained to the interpreter.
What is linguistic prosody?
The stress placed on certain words to give them emphasis in a sentence
Example: ‘he bought a BLUE car’ emphasizes the color.
What is affective or emotional prosody?
The tone of voice used to express emotions in speech
It can convey social cues and emotional meaning.
How does a right hemisphere lesion affect figurative language interpretation?
Individuals may interpret proverbs and idioms literally
Example: ‘It’s no use crying over spilled milk’ may be taken at face value.
What difficulties do individuals with right hemisphere lesions face regarding humor?
They may not understand jokes that depend on wordplay
The subtleties of humor often rely on understanding figurative language.
What is the importance of family involvement in aphasia rehabilitation?
Family members can help as communication partners and support the individual’s recovery
Active listening and providing cues are key roles of communication partners.
What is a communication partner?
An active listener who supports the person with aphasia in expressing their ideas
They differ from a passive listener who may simply nod along.
