Lecture 6 Flashcards
Name all 3 parts of the cell theory:
1) a cell is the smallest unit of life
2) new cells arise from pre-existing cells
3) cells make up all living things
Who is the English Physicist who use the word “cell”
Robert Hooke
Why did he call them cells?
cell = small rooms
Who built microscopes that magnified over 200 times?
Anton van Leewenhoek
Tell me the range of cell size
small: 8-100 um
1 metter is how many mm and um?
1 meter
1 000 mm
1 000 000 um
Why so small
if celle size is big, then metabolic needs are high too
Does the volume or surface increase at agreater rate?
it’s the volume that increases at a greater rate
Why is cell size limited?
because of requirements for homeostasis
Metabolic demandes are determines by what
and
Transport of materials is dertermined by what?
Volume
and
surface area (plasma membrane)
What does it mean if the cells are small?
lots of surface area
If volume increases, then what happens?
then cells needs increase too
Does surface area increase as much?
no
Name a couple of single cell organisms
Bacteria, Archaea, Protist (some)
Name a couple of many cell (multicellular) organisms
Protists, Plants, Fungi, animals
Eukaryote cells average around how many um?
10-100 um
All cells have 4 things, name them
membrane
ribosomes (protein synthesis)
cytoplasm (internal mass)
DNA (genetic info)
Which cell had their DNA sperate from the cytoplasm
Eukaryotic cells (DNA in a membrane bound nucleus)
Are prokaryotic cells between 10-100um?
NO, 1-10um
Name an organelle which helps a prokaryotic cell maintain it’s shape that eukarytic cells don’T have
Celle wall and Capsule (very strong and resists bursting)
In which Domain is the cell wall composed of protein and carb?
Domain bacteria
How do you call this layer?
peptidoglycan (protein + carb)
Is it cellulose?
NO
It’s used to classify organisms of the Domain Bacteria into 2
main categories, name them
Gram-positive cell wall & Gram-negative cell wall
