Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Module I > Lecture 7 - Immune System > Flashcards

Lecture 7 - Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Non-Specific (Innate Immunity)

A

Pre existing defenses
Physical barriers, chemical defense
Neutrophils eosinophils basophils monocytes macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Adaptive immunity ( Specific Immunity)

A

For when innate immunity fails
B and T cells
More powerful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Autoimmune Disease

A

Is a hyperactive immune response. Can cause an attack on a specific cell organ or be systematic and attack multiple bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

Separates basal epithelium from epithelium in oral stratified squamus non-keratinized
Affects holding together of junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sjorgren Syndrome

A

Targets and destroys glands
Like salivary glands and tears
We see fibrotic tissues fill spots
Xerostomia cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T-Lymphocyte

A

born in marrow and gains immunocompetance in thymus

must gain receptors to recognize self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

B-lymphocyte

A

born in the marrow and gain immunocompetance in the blone marrow
They come upon antigen and mounts response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Plasma Cells

A

B lymphocytes sees a antigen becomes a plasma cell and releases antibodies in a tone to recognize and coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MEmory Cells

A

A plasma cell differentiates in to the this so that you can have a quick secondary response
It will float around forever to be ready for another attack and produce the same antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nature Killer Cells

A

Recognize transformed cells like tumors that are proliferating. Then causes apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Macrophage

A

Derived from Monocytes
when monocyte goes in to connective tissue
engulf bad things and present their antigen to lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antigen Presenting Cell (APC)

A

macrophage is one. (Dust Cells in lungs, and Kupffer in LiveR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neutrophils

A

First line of defense

phagocytose antigens and destroy and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Eosinophils

A

Found in CT
Blood as root seen in digestion and respiratory
large eosinophilic residues
recognize paraiste and engulf to destroy and digest
mediate inflame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mast Cells

A 
like basophils but different stem cells
located in connective tissue 
stains realy dark purple cant see nucleus 
granules release histamine and heperin
histamine dilates permeability 
and heparin stops clotting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Basophils

A

very rare
located in the blood cell
also release histamine and heprin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dendritic Cell

A

antigen presentinc cell with long projections in an area of t cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Langerhans Cells

A

Specific dendritic cell in epithelium

Walk along the skin to phagocytose and migrate to lymph to present to T lymphocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lymph Organs are split into Two groups

A

Primary and Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary Lymph Organs

A

independent of Proliferation
B or T dont need exposure to proliferate
Bone MArrow and Thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Secondary Lymph Organs

A

Lymphoscytes need exposure to proliferate
Lymph nodes, spleen, lymph nodules
MALT - mucosa associated lymph tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Thymus

A

t lymphocyte maturation.
Slowly replaced by fat cells
Involution - the process of becoming fat
Liver takes over when fatty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Involution

A

Process of fat taking over the lymphatic

happens in the thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Parenchymal Cells

A

Functional Cells of an organ

all organs have parenchymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Stroma Cells
all organs have stroma cells they are the support cells of the organ
26
What is the parenchymal Cell of the thymus
Thymocytes AKA T - CELLS
27
What is the stroma cells of the thymus
Epithelioreticular cells | THESE are not reticular but they act like it in terms of structure
28
Thymus Devisions
Cortex and Medulla
29
Thymus Cortex
Outer space Location of most Thymocyte maturing But most dont make it an are destroyed
30
Thymus Medulla
inner space more blood vessels location of hassels corpuscle (stains lighter)
31
hassels corpuscle
a swirl of epithelioreticular cells helping in maturation | Round and eosinophillic
32
What divided the cortex and medulla
Epithelioreticular Cells
33
Path of Thymocyte
Signal by epithelial reticular cells to migrate form marrow through blood in to thymus through medulla go from medulla out to outer side of cortex then mature on way back or destroyed mature T lymph is released to circulation
34
Roles of Epithelial Reticular Cells
Protect blood thymus barrier forms capsule structure involved in maturation of T cells - help self non self recognition phagocytose problem cells Compartmentalize Cortex in to sections for education
35
Mucosa Associated Lymphatic tissue
Clusters of B or T cells in regions of mucosalyer. Just below epithelium and connective tissue Split in to Diffuse MALT, and Organized MALT Found in areas where the outside world meets the inside
36
Diffuse MALT
No capsule or organization or structure there just many lymphocytes
37
ORganized Malt
Organized in a structure, may or may not have capsule | They have germinal Center and mantle zone
38
Lymphatic Nodule
A Organized Malt Lacks A capsule Function - Is to produce T and B cells in localized area because they are located at these sites It is a not a filter or located along the lymphatic vessels
39
ORganization of organized MALT
Germinal Center - lighter staining pale because have immature lymphocytes. Immature because have not received an antigen to proliferate Mantle zone - dark outside layer of mature lymph - mature because receive antigen to proliferate
40
Examples of organized Malt
Tonsils Peyers Patches Vermiform
41
Tonsil
Have folds called crypts to increase surface area | Inside the nodule is B cells and around it is T cells
42
Peyers Patches
Localized distal on small intestine in the ileum Note 12-15 nodules B cells are inside the of the nodules T Cells are on the outside
43
Vermiform Appendix
Considered MALT Cross Section surrounded by nodules More nodules than peyers patches These nodules are located in the connective tissue
44
Lymph Node Function
Filter for Lymphatic Fluid progresses to blood system
45
Afferent Vessels
Take Fluid in to the node (through the capsule)
46
Path of Lymph through Lymph node
Through Afferent Vessels -> Subcapsular sinus -> then through the trebeculaer (which follows CT trebeculae) -> Then medullary sinus - > then out through hillum on the efferent side
47
Path of Blood through a lymph node
Goes in through the artery and and leaved by veins all through the through the hillum
48
What is the Capsule
Dense CT surrounding Node
49
Stroma in the Lymph Nodes
Reticular Fibers Form reticular Support of organ
50
High Endothelial Venules
Is how lymphocytes enter the lymph nodes | These vessels are lined with cuboidal or columnar epithelial
51
Lymph Node is divided into two parts
Cortex and Medulla
52
Cortex has what two parts
Superficial and Deep paracortex
53
Superficial Cortex
Just below the capsule | Consists of Lymphatic Nodules B lymphocytes and Macrophages, Plasma cells and reticular cells
54
Paracortex - the Deep inner Cortex
does not have nodules. Location of T cells
55
The Medulla is Split in to what two parts
Medullary Cords, and MEdullary Sinuses | Medullary Sinuses surround medullary cords
56
Medullary Cords
location of B lymphocytes and Macrophages and plasma cells
57
Medullary Sinuses
surrounds the medullary cords and drain in to the efferent lymph vessels
58
Spleen Function
Immune Response - in white pulp Destroy Aged RBC - in red blood cells MONITERS BLOOD NOT LYMPH
59
Splenic Artery
Brings a huge amount of blood to the thing
60
Path of blood through the Spleen
Splenic Artery-> breachens in to trebecular arteries - > that enter white pump via central artery -> these branch to splenic sinuses which lead splenic vein
61
Splenic Chords
They contain reticular cells and reticular fibers, erythrocytes, platelets and WBC
62
White Pulp is divided in to three
Periaarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) - T lymph. around central artery Lymphoid Nodule - Of spleen is B cells Marginal Zone - surround nodule markes border of white and red blood - filled with macrophage
63
Red Pulp is made of what (2 regions)
Splenic chords | Spleinic Sinus
64
splenic Sinus
We have endothelial long cells with reticular fivers circuling the cell perpindicular to form a small space to test to see if RBC is healthy if it cant get through to the splenic sinus NOTE that it is endothelial and basement membrane
65
Pathway of blood through spleen
Spleinc Artery Trebecular Artery goes throuhg central artery flow of blood through white pulp is first then through red pulp through splenic sinus to the.

Anatomy Module I (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions