Lecture Exam 3 (brain and cranial nerves)

Question 1

3 major areas of brain

Answer 1

forebrain (prosencephalon), midbrain (mesencephalon), and hindbrain (rhombencephalon)

Question 2

divided into large paired cerebral hemispheres seperated by the longitudinal fissure. conscious though process, intellectual functions, memory storage, and retrieval, and complex motor patterns originate

Answer 2

cerebrum (telencephalon)

Question 3

connects left and right cerebral hemisphere and facilitates inter-hemispheric communication. largest white matter surface in brain.

Answer 3

corpus callosum

Question 4

deep part of the forebrain. three thalamic subdivisions

Answer 4

diencephalon

Question 5

contains hormone-secreting pineal gland, and endocrine structure

Answer 5

epithalamus

Question 6

regulates the sleep-wake cycle, produces melatonin

Answer 6

the pineal gland

Question 7

general sensory information relay and processing centers

Answer 7

right thalamus and left thalamus

Question 8

located on floor of diencephalon, a visceral control center

Answer 8

hypothalamus

Question 9

aids in short and long term memory

Answer 9

hippocampus

Question 10

the bridge between the prosencephalon and rhombencephalon

Answer 10

mesencephalon

Question 11

pons, medulla oblangata, and cerebellum

Answer 11

rhombencephalon

Question 12

regulates life support; breathing, heart rate. involved with both somatic and visceral motor control

Answer 12

pons

Question 13

relays sensory information to the thalamus and to other brain stem centers. also contains major centers concerned with regulation of autonomic function; heart rate, blood pressure, and digestive activities.

Answer 13

medulla oblongata

Question 14

2 cerebellar hemispheres. each contain lobes, anterior and posterior, which are seperated by primary fissure. assist in planning, execution, and coordination of limb and trunk movements

Answer 14

cerebellum

Question 15

2 primary functions of cerebellum

Answer 15

coordinates rapid, automatic adjustments that maintain balance and equilibrium and programming and fine-tuning voluntary and involuntary movements so that we can move in smooth uninterrupted motion during muscle contraction (squirrel)

Question 16

cranial meninges

Answer 16

dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

Question 17

fluid-filled cavities within the brain. filled with CSF and lined by ependymal cells

Answer 17

4 ventricles of the brain

Question 18

superior to the brain stem and lateral to each other. no direct connection between the two but each communicates with each other through interventricular foramen called foramen of monro

Answer 18

two lateral ventricles

Question 19

a cavity within the diencephalon.

Answer 19

third ventricle

Question 20

located in inferior portion of medulla oblongata, narrows to single, midline foramen of magendie. becomes continuous with the central canal of spinal cord

Answer 20

fourth ventricle

Question 21

completely bathes and surrounds the exposed surfaces of the CNS

Answer 21

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 22

3 important function of CSF

Answer 22

cushioning delicate neural structures, supporting the brain, and aids in transporting nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products

Question 23

lack of absorption of CSF, blockage of flow of CSF, overproduction of CSF

Answer 23

hydrocephalus (water in the brain)

Question 24

cerebrovascular accident

Answer 24

stroke

Question 25

2 types of strokes

Answer 25

ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke

Question 26

blood supply cut off - tissue dies causing ischemia

Answer 26

ischemic stroke

Question 27

bursting of a vessel see bleeding in brain

Answer 27

hemorrhagic stroke

Question 28

occurs under or at site of impact with an object

Answer 28

coup concussion injury

Question 29

occurs on the side opposite the area that was impacted

Answer 29

contrecoup injury

Question 30

athletes under 18 that are suspected of having a concussion cannot go back into game or practice until obtaining a written return to play authorization from a medical professional

Answer 30

lystedt law

Question 31

abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain

Answer 31

brain seizures