Lecture1: Thoracic Wall Flashcards
What is the upper opening of the thoracic cage called?
Thoracic inlet
What are True ribs?
The Upper Seven Ribs
What are False Ribs?
Lower Five ribs
What are Floating Ribs?
The lowest two ribs
Why are the lowest two ribs called Floating ribs?
They are free anteriorly
What are the Typical ribs?
From 3rd to 9th
What are Atypical ribs?
The First 2 and Last 3 ribs
What is the Cervical Rib?
An accessory rib articulating from the 7th cervical vertebrae and attaching to the 1st
What is Thoracic Outlet syndrome?
Symptoms of abnormal compression of the brachial plexus of nerves as it passes through the 1st rib
What can be obtained from the Medullary cavity of the sternum via injection?
Bone marrow
What does the Bone marrow collection help in diagnosis of?
Leukemia
The Subcostalis are in the same plane as?
The innermost intercostals
What are all intercostal muscles innervated by?
The intercostal nerves
What do all Thoracic wall muscles do, bar the external intercostals?
They depress the ribs
What do the External Intercostals do?
They elevate the ribs
How many anterior arteries does each intercostal space contain?
2
What do the Upper 6 anterior artery pairs arise from?
The mammary artery
(Internal Thoracic)
What do the lower 3 pairs of anterior arteries arise from?
The musculophrenic artery
What branch does each posterior artery give?
Collateral
Where do the upper 2 posterior arteries arise from?
Subclavian artery
What do the 3rd through 11th posterior arteries arise from?
The descending thoracic aorta
What is the origin of the superior intercostal artery?
The subclavian artery
The Anterior veins drain into the venae commitants of which 2 arteries?
The musculophrenic and mammary arteries
What do the upper posterior intercostal veins unite to form?
The Azygos vein
