Lecture8: Nerves Of Thorax And Diaphragm

Question 1

As the Vagi pass through the thorax, they provide… to the thoracic viscera?

Answer 1

Parasympathetic innervation

Question 2

Both right and left vagi give branches to?

Answer 2

Esophagus, pulmonary plexus, and cardiac plexus

Question 3

The Right vagus nerve enters which division of the mediastinum?

Answer 3

The Superior

Question 4

The left vagus nerve descends between both?

Answer 4

Left common carotid and left subclavian

Question 5

What is the branch of the Left Vagus nerve?

Answer 5

The Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 6

Where does the Left Recurrent Laryngeal nerve recur?

Answer 6

Below the arch of aorta

Question 7

Injury to left recurrent laryngeal nerve leads to?

Answer 7

Left vocal fold paralysis and hoarseness of voice

Question 8

How does the Left laryngeal nerve get injured?

Answer 8

Via an aneurysm of the aortic arch and or a mediastinal tumor

Question 9

Where does the Phrenic nerve arise from?

Answer 9

C3-C5

Question 10

Where does the Phrenic nerve run relative to the root of the lung?

Answer 10

Anterior to it

Question 11

Where does the Vagus nerve run relative to the root of the lung?

Answer 11

Posterior

Question 12

What does the Phrenic nerve give motor supply to?

Answer 12

The diaphragm

Question 13

What innervates the fibrous pericardium and both mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleurae?

Answer 13

The Phrenic nerve

Question 14

The right Phrenic nerve descends in which position relative to the root of the lung?

Answer 14

In front of it

Question 15

What does the Left Phrenic nerve descend between?

Answer 15

Both left common carotid and subclavian arteries

Question 16

What do both Phrenic nerves lay relative to the root of the lung?

Answer 16

In front of it

Question 17

What does the Right Phrenic nerve pierce on the inferior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 17

The IVC

Question 18

What does the Left Phrenic nerve pierce on the the inferior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 18

The Left copula

Question 19

What causes a complete paralysis of the corresponding half of the diaphragm?

Answer 19

Lesion of the Phrenic nerve

Question 20

What is a hiccup?

Answer 20

An involuntary diaphragmatic spasmodic sharp contraction

Question 21

What causes hiccups?

Answer 21

Stimulation of nerve endings in the digestive tract and or diaphragm

Question 22

What is the diaphragm insertion?

Answer 22

Central tendon

Question 23

What forms the left and right copula?

Answer 23

The elevated lateral parts of the central tendon

Question 24

What is the diaphragm motor supply?

Answer 24

Phrenic nerve

Question 25

What is the diaphragm sensory supply?

Answer 25

Left intercostal nerves

Question 26

Which part of the diaphragm acts as a sphincter to the lower end of the esophagus?

Answer 26

Right crus

Question 27

At what level is the IVC opening?

Answer 27

T8

Question 28

Where is the IVC opening?

Answer 28

Central tendon

Question 29

Where is the Oesophageal opening?

Answer 29

Right crus

Question 30

What is the Oesophageal opening level?

Answer 30

T10

Question 31

Where is the Aortic Opening?

Answer 31

Posterior to the median cruciate ligament

Question 32

What is the aortic opening level?

Answer 32

T12

Question 33

Structures passing through aortic opening?

Answer 33

Aorta, Azygos vein and thoracic duct

Question 34

What is congenital hernia?

Answer 34

When the diaphragm fails to fuse thus leaving an opening

Question 35

What is hiatal hernia?

Answer 35

When the fundus of the stomach herniates into the posterior mediastinum

Question 36

Hiatal hernia symptoms?

Answer 36

Acid reflux