Lifespan Development Flashcards
What is lifespan development?
The age-related changes that occur from birth throughout a persons’ life, into and during old age
What are the six stages of lifespan development?
Infancy -> childhood -> adolescence -> early adulthood -> middle age -> older age
What is the age range for infancy?
Birth to 2 years
What is the age range for childhood?
2 to 10 years
What is the age range for adolescence?
10 to 20 years
What is the age range for early adulthood?
20 to 40 years
What is the age range for middle age?
40 to 65 years
What age range is older age?
65+
What happens during the first trimester?
Embryological and foetal development
The beginnings of all the major organ systems appear being laid down as ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
What is the definition of ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm?
They are layers of cell
Ectoderm = outer layer
Mesoderm = middle layer
Endoderm = inner layer
What happens in the secondary trimester?
Development of organs and organ systems
Very quickly the baby develops
When does a foetus look distinctively like a human by?
6 months
What happens in the third trimester?
Baby gets bigger and fatter
Rapid foetal growth and deposition of adipose tissue. Major organ systems are fully functioning in the early stages of this trimester
When does everything develop up until?
36-38 weeks
When does the rib cage firm up?
It is soft and cartilaginous until about 3 years
What are the muscles of the respiratory system like in infancy?
Intercostal muscles are poorly developed
During infancy there are less type I muscle twitch fibres
How is the diaphragm different during infancy?
Angle of insertion of diaphragm is horizontal (not very domed shape)
Why are the airways of infants predisposed to collapse?
There is less cartilaginous support of their airways
Why do infants have a higher oxygen requirement?
They have a higher resting metabolic rate
How many alveoli do we have at birth compared to adulthood?
150 million at birth and 400 million as adults
What is collateral ventilation and is this found at birth?
It is a back up system of alveolar ventilation that can bypass the normal route of airflow when airways are restricted or obstructed
This does not exist at birth
How many bones are we born with and how many bones do we have as an adult?
We are born with 300 bones, some of which then fuse including the skull. Then as adults we have 206 bones
What happens to bones over time?
They ossify from the soft, cartilaginous structures they are at birth
What are muscle fibres like in infancy?
Small and watery
