LIGAMENTS OF THE LEG

Question 1

• extends from the anterior border of the fibular notch of the tibia to the anterior border of the fibula and the anterior edge of the triangular area on the distal extremity of the fibula

Answer 1

Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 2

• inferior continuation of the interosseous membrane
• extends from the central part of the fibular notch of the tibia to the central part
  of the rough triangular area on the fibular distal extremity
• strongest of the ligaments at this joint
• often is a small synovial extension of the ankle joint within this ligament

Answer 2

Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 3

• extends from the posterior border of the fibular notch and the posterior process of the tibia to the posterior edge of the triangular area on the medial aspect of the distal fibula

Answer 3

Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 4

• the inferior part of the posterior tibiofibular ligament which blends with the fibrous capsule of the ankle joint
• has articular cartilage on its deep surface for articulation with the posterior aspect of the trochlea tali so it forms part of the ankle mortise (ankle joint)
• passes from the posterior process of the tibia to the superior (½ of the) lateral malleolar fossa of the fibula

Answer 4

Transverse Tibiofibular Ligament / Inferior Transverse Ligament / Transverse Inferior Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 5

• the concavity formed by the distal extremities of the tibia and fibula, and thetransverse ti biofibular ligament
• articulation include the tibial plafond, the lateral malleolar facet, the medial maleolar facet, and the articular cartilage on the transverse tibiofibular ligament /
  inferior transverse ligament
• the talus fits into this concavity

Answer 5

Ankle Mortise

Question 6

• the capsule of the ankle joint attaches at the articular margins of all surfaces of the ankle joint except the anterior trochlea tali; here it extends to the neck of the talus to allow ankle plantar flexion (or it could be easily damaged)
• reinforced by ligaments

Answer 6

Capsule

Question 7

• lines all areas of the capsule
• at the junction of the tibia and fibula inferiorly (in the syndesmosis), it extends slightly proximal to form a small recess in the interosseous tibiofibular ligament
• occasionally this recess is large enough to create a synovial joint between the
  distal tibia and fibula

Answer 7

Synovial Membrane

Question 8

• necessary for ankle joint stability

Answer 8

Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 9

• extends from the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus to the inferior (½ of the) lateral malleolar fossa of the fibula
• part of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 9

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 10

• this ligament has deep and superficial parts
• extend from the medial malleolar posterior colliculus to the medial tubercle of the talar posterior process
• part of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 10

Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Question 11

• an extracapsular ligament
• extends from the summit of the lateral malleolus to the calcaneal lateral surface, superoposterior to fibular trochlea
• part of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle

Answer 11

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Question 12

• extends from the inferior aspect of the medial malleolus, anterior and posterior colliculi, to the medial surface of the sustentaculum tali
• part of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle

Answer 12

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Question 13

necessary for ankle joint stability

Answer 13

Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 14

• extends from the anterior inferior edge of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the talar neck
• part of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 14

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 15

• extends from the inferior medial malleolus, the anterior colliculus, to the medial aspect of the neck of the talus
• part of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 15

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Question 16

necessary for ankle joint stability

Answer 16

Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Question 17

• extends from the anterior inferior edge of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the talar neck
• part of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 17

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 18

• extends from the inferior medial malleolus, the anterior colliculus, to the medial aspect of the neck of the talus
• part of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Answer 18

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Question 19

• reinforces the ankle joint laterally
• limits inversion of the rearfoot
• consists of 3 separate parts

Answer 19

Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Question 20

• from the anterior inferior edge of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the talar neck; passes primarily medial and slightly anterior
• becomes taut when the ankle joint is plantar flexed
• the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprains
• prevents anterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise and
  prevents excessive ankle joint plantar flexion

Answer 20

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 21

• extends from the summit of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the calcaneus, just proximal and superior to the peroneal trochlea
• an extracapsular ligament which lies deep to the peroneal tendons
• becomes taut when the ankle joint is dorsiflexed
• forms an angle of approximately 105o with the anterior talofibular ligament
• limits inversion of the rearfoot and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Answer 21

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Question 22

• from the inferior (1/2 of the) lateral malleolar fossa to the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus
• taut when the ankle is dorsiflexed
• prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion
• rarely torn in ankle sprains as its position is almost horizontal

Answer 22

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 23

• also called the Deltoid Ligament
• very thick strong ligament; rarely injured
• reinforces the ankle joint medially
• limits eversion of the rearfoot so usually injured with eversion force
• consists of superficial and deep parts
• descriptions vary from three to five ligaments present, two may be
  absent or blended with others
• the common clinical description is 3 ligaments

Answer 23

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Question 24

• from the anterior colliculus of the medial malleolus to the
  medial aspect of the talar neck
• its fibers often blend with fibers of the tibionavicular ligament
• may be absent
• taut when ankle is plantar flexed
• prevents anterior displacement of the talus from the ankle
  mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint plantar flexion

Answer 24

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Question 25

• from the posterior colliculus of the medial malleolus to the
  medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus
• a strong thick ligament
• taut when the ankle is dorsiflexed
• prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle
  mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Answer 25

Deep Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Question 26

• extends from the anterior inferior aspect of the medial malleolus,
  anterior colliculus, to the navicular tuberosity where it blends with the spring ligament / plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
• weakest of the deltoid ligaments

Answer 26

Tibionavicular Ligament

Question 27

• extends from the medial malleolar colliculi to the medial surface
  of the sustentaculum tali
• lies deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus as it passes along the medial edge of the sustentaculum tali
• strongest of the deltoid ligaments
• limits eversion of the calcaneus

Answer 27

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Question 28

• from the posterior inferior aspect of the medial malleolus,
  posterior colliculus, to the medial tubercle of the posterior talar process
• mimics the course of the deep posterior talotibial ligament and
  may blend with the fibers of the deep ligament or may be absent
• taut when the ankle is dorsiflexed
• prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle
  mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Answer 28

Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament