Flashcards in Lipid Metabolism (In Class)- Agbas Deck (44)
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1
what does citrate do in synthesis of acetyl CoA?
supplies carbons for FA synthesis
2
what is the primary source of fatty acid synthesis?
liver
3
what is the first phase of fatty acid synthesis?
cytosolic entry of acetyl CoA
4
what is the second phase of fatty acid synthesis?
conversion of acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA
5
what are the 2 parts of the third phase of fatty acid synthesis?
elongation and desaturation
6
what is the rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis?
acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA conversion
7
malonyl coA is important because?
it's substrate for FA synthesis, regulates FA synthesis and is an immediate donor of the 2C units
8
how are fatty acid synthesized?
2Cs added at a time
9
what are the 3 goals achieved during phase 3?
condensation, reduction, and palmitate release
10
where is palmitate elongated?
in the smooth ER
11
what is required for desaturation?
NADPH and O2
12
where are double bonds put in during desaturation?
4, 5, 6, and 9
13
what cannot be generated endogenously for desaturation?
10 and beyond; must be taken in dietarily
14
what is the source of NADPH?
malic enzyme (1), pentose phosphate pathway (2-12 NADPH)
15
what are the ways in which FAS can be regulated?
allosteric effect (phosphorylated sugars) and induction and/or repression at genetic level
16
what does a high carb/low fat diet do to FAS?
increases
17
high fat diet and starvation does what to FAS?
lowers FAS
18
how are FAs stored in adipocytes?
triacylglycerol
19
what is the structure of triglycerols?
3 FAs attached to glycerol backbone
20
what are TGs synthesized?
liver, intestinal cells, and adipose tissue
21
where in the cell does TG synthesis occur?
cytosol
22
how are FAs transported in blood?
chylomicrons
23
what is the common aspect of TG synthesis in the 3 tissue?
Fatty acyl coA
24
what are the 3 main lipases in adipocytes?
hormone-sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and mono glycerol lipase
25
what is the most active enzyme in fasting state?
hormone-sensitive lipase
26
fatty acids are transported from adipocytes to liver in blood by?
albumin
27
where does Beta-ox of fatty acids occur?
mito matrix in liver cells
28
what are the 2 phases of beta oxidation?
1) transport of FFA into mito matrix and 2) beta-oxidation of FA
29
CPTI is negatively regulated by?
malonyl CoA
30
