love and friendship Flashcards
attraction and liking, self-disclosure, social exchange theory, equity theory (34 cards)
what is a fundamental human motivator?
need to affiliate
what is attraction?
necessary for friendships to form
can be precursor to an intimate relationship
what affects attraction?
evolution
ideals
similarity
proximity
familiarity
what is the relationship between evolution and attraction?
reproductive fitness - cues
physical health, youthful appearance, body and facial symmetry
cue to initial attraction
who suggested the ideals that affect attraction and when?
Fletcher et al
2004
what are the ideals that affect attractiveness?
social, cognitive and evolutionary
warmth-trustworthiness
vitality-attractiveness (signs of health, reproductive fitness)
status-resources (socially prominent, financially sound)
what similarity influences attraction?
of attitudes
how does proximity influence attractiveness?
living close by - important role in early stages of forming friendships
people close by require less effort to interact with
who investigated the effect of proximity on attractiveness and when?
Festinger, Schachter and Back
1950
what did Festinger, Schachter and Back (1950) find about the effects of proximity on attractiveness?
more likely to choose as friends those living on the same building, same floor
how does familiarity influence attractiveness?
mere exposure effect
who suggested the self-penetration theory and when?
Altman and Taylor
1973
what is self-disclosure?
“sharing of intimate information and feelings with another person” (Hogg and Vaughan, 2014)
deepen intimately
disclosing personal information and sensitive and responsive to partner’s disclosures is central process in developing and maintaining relationships
what is love?
combination of thoughts, emotions and actions
what did Rubin (1973) say about love?
love and liking are not the same thing
what are the two categories of love?
passionate lobe
companionate love
what is passionate love?
intense emotional state
feel more positive
increase in self-esteem
what is companionate love?
less intense than passionate love
feelings of friendly affection and deep attachment
who suggested the three factor theory of love and when?
Hatfield and Walster
1981
what is the three factor theory of love?
cultural concept of love
appropriate person to love
emotional arousal, self-labelled “love” - felt when interacting/thinking about appropriate person
who investigated love and when?
Dutton and Aron
1974
what was Dutton and Aron’s (1974) study into love?
male participants crossed either wobbly suspension bridge high over a canyon (fear-arousing suspension bridge) or lower solid bridge above small rivulet (non-fear arousing bridge)
attractive female researcher approached, administered questionnaire and gave number and phone number
participants on fear-arousing suspension bridge had greater tendency to contact researcher
who suggested the triangular theory of love and when?
Sternberg
1986
what is the triangular theory of love?
intimacy, passion and commitment
“amount” of love experienced depends on absolute strength of the components
“type” of love experienced depends on their strengths relative to each other
