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Flashcards in Lung Cancer Deck (13)
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1
Q

what are types of non-small cell lung cancer (majority)

A

squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
large cell carcinoma

2
Q

what is characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma

A

hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

most commonly cavitates

3
Q

what is characteristics of adenocarcinomas

A

most common type

usually peripheral in bronchi

4
Q

what is the characteristics of large cell carcinoma

A

typically peripheral, poorly differentiated tumours with poor prognosis, may secrete beta HCG

5
Q

what is characteristics of small cell lung cancer

A

arises from endocrine cells
hormones secreted: ADH and ACTH
spreads early and almost always inoperable

6
Q

what kind of state does malignant cancer (especially adenocarcinoma) cause

A

hypercoaguable state

7
Q

what is symptoms

A
cough that lasts >2-3 weeks
long standing cough that gets worse 
haemoptysis 
unexplained dyspnoea 
malaise 
weight loss 
persistent chest pain/shoulder pain
8
Q

what are less common symptoms

A

clubbing, hoarse voice, difficulty or pain swallowing, increased risk of infection

9
Q

what causes it

A

smoking
passive smoking
occupational exposure

10
Q

how is it diagnosed

A

CXR
CT for small tumours and mediastinum (then biopsy)
FBC for anaemia
Urinanalysis

11
Q

how to treat non small cell lung cancer

A

surgery
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
targeted agents

12
Q

how to treat small cell lung cancer

A

chemotherapy, palliative care

13
Q

what is common sites of metastases

A
kidney
prostate
breast
bone
GI tract
cervix or ovary