Rhinitis Flashcards Preview

Respiratory Diseases > Rhinitis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Rhinitis Deck (8)
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1
Q

what is seasonal rhinitis

A

hayfever

2
Q

what is perennial rhinitis

A

symptoms throughout full year, sinusitis occurs in about 50% of cases due to mucosal swelling

3
Q

what is perennial allergic rhinitis

A

allergy to faecal particles of dust mite - more sensitive to cigarette smoke, washing powders, perfumes etc

4
Q

what is vasomotor rhinitis

A

perennial rhinitis with no allergy or nasal eosinophilia

5
Q

what are nasal polyps

A

round smooth soft pale or yellow structures attached to sinus mucosa - occurs in patients with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis

6
Q

what causes it

A

mucus - parasympathetic stimulation
allergic rhinitis results due to interaction between inhaled allergen and IgE present on their mast cells (found in increased numbers in nasal secretion)

7
Q

how is it diagnosed

A

history of allergic factors

skin prick test indicates mechanism leading to allergic rhinitis

8
Q

how is it treated

A

H1 receptor antagonists (eg loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, cyclizine, cinnarizine)
Decongestants (a adrenergic agents)
Corticosteroids (beclomethasone or fluticasone propionate - polyps)
Leukotriene antagonists (montelukast, zarfirlukast - esp history of NSAID or asthma)
Anti-allergic (sodium cromoglicate)