Lymphatic System 3

Question 1

Is innate immune system present at birth

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Does innate imune system distinguish one threat type from another?

Answer 2

No it is non-specific

Question 3

Physical barriers and chemical barriers

Components of innate immunity

Answer 3

skin and mucous membranes

Question 4

phagocytes

Components of innate immunity

Answer 4

cells that engulf pathogens

Question 5

immune surveilance

Components of innate immunity

Answer 5

destruction of abnormal cells by NK cells

Question 6

Interferons

Components of innate immunity

Answer 6

Chemicals against viral infections

Question 7

Complement

Components of innate immunity

Answer 7

Circulating proteins that assist antibodies

Question 8

Inflammation

Components of innate immunity

Answer 8

Localized tissue-level response to limit spread of infection

Question 9

Fever

Components of innate immunity

Answer 9

elevation of body temperature

Question 10

First line of defence

innate immunity

Answer 10

External physical and chemical barriers

stop from entering body

Question 11

Second line of defence

innate immunity

Answer 11

Internal defences, nk cells, interferons, etc…

used if things get in body

Question 12

Integumentary system

1st line of defence

Answer 12

• Stratified squamous epithelium
• secretions
• hair

Question 13

Mucous membranes

1st line of defence: physical barriers

Answer 13

• Mucous
• Hairs
• Cilia - move from lungs to throat

Question 14

Lysozyme

chemical barriers

Answer 14

enzyme that break down cell walls of certain bacteria

Question 15

Lacrimal apparatus

chemical barriers

Answer 15

found in eyes

Question 16

saliva

chemical barriers

Answer 16

washes microbes from teeth and mouth

Question 17

urine, vaginal secretions

Answer 17

move microbes out of body

Question 18

types of Phagocytes

second line of defence

Answer 18

monocytes and macrophages
neutrophils
dentritic cells

Question 19

Neutrophils

phagocytes

Answer 19

most abundant, fast acting

Question 20

Monocyte-macrophage system

phagocytes

Answer 20

macrophages function as APC’s

Question 21

Dendritic cells

phagocytes

Answer 21

found in tissue that has contact with outside environment

Question 22

Eosinophils

phagocytes

Answer 22

less abundant
destroy antibody coated pathogens/foregin compounds

Question 23

1. Chemotaxis

5 steps of phagocytosis

Answer 23

movement of phagocyte due to attraction of chemicals

Question 24

2. Adherance

5 steps of phagocytosis

Answer 24

attachment of phagocyte to target

Question 25

3. Ingestion | 5 steps of phagocytosis

Answer 25

"false feet" are formed and engulf target cell

Question 26

4. Digestion | 5 steps of phagocytosis

Answer 26

Lysozomes, proteosomes bind with phagosome

Question 27

5. Killing | 5 steps of phagocytosis

Answer 27

death of target cell and release of debris

Question 28

What is immune surveillance?

Answer 28

constant monitoring of tissues by NK cells

Question 29

What are tumour specific antigens | immune surveillance

Answer 29

often in cancer cells that NK cells recognize/destroy

Question 30

Presense of unusual plasma membrane activate NK cell leading to | Steps of NK recognition and destruction

Answer 30

NK cell adhering to target

Question 31

Golgi apparatus moves within NK cell to target cell | Steps of NK recognition and destruction

Answer 31

Produces vesicles containing perforins

Question 32

What happens to perforins released from NK cell | Steps of NK recognition and destruction

Answer 32

They arrive at target cell

Question 33

What do perforins do at once they rech target cell? | Steps of NK recognition and destruction

Answer 33

Create pores in target cell membranes

Question 34

What are interferons | second line of defence

Answer 34

Small proteins released by activated lymphocytes

Question 35

What do interferons do? | second line of defense

Answer 35

trigger production of antiviral proteins (cytokines)

Question 36

What is complement system? | second line of defense

Answer 36

system that complements action of antibodies

Question 37

What is the classical pathway? | Complement system

Answer 37

most rapid/effective attach to antibody molecules MAC complex

Question 38

what is the lectin pathway? | complement system

Answer 38

activated by mannose-binding lectin protein activate inflammatory response enhances opsonization

Question 39

What is alternative pathway | complement system

Answer 39

Several complement proteins interact in plasma attachment of activated protein

Question 40

What are the effects of complement system

Answer 40

1. pore formation/cell lysis 2. enhanced phagocytosis 3. histamine release

Question 41

What are iron binding proteins

Answer 41

Inhibit growth of bacteria by reducing availble iron

Question 42

What are antimicrobial proteins

Answer 42

short peptides that have broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity

Question 43

Which substances contribute to vasodilation and increased permeability

Answer 43

Histamine Kinins

Question 44

What are 3 stages of inflammatory response

Answer 44

1. Vasodilation/increased permeability 2. emigration of phagocytes from blood to IF 3. Tissue repair

Question 45

What does emigration of phagocytes depend on?

Answer 45

Chemotaxis

Question 46

What substance helps with tissue repair

Answer 46

Fibroblasts

Question 47

What is a pyrogen?

Answer 47

fever-inducing protein

Question 48

what are benefits of fevers

Answer 48

1. inhibit bacteria/virus 2. accelerate tissue defense and repair process