M5: Vaginal Secretions (Part 1: Intro-Abnormal Appearance)

Question 1

Familiarize or memorize the reasons why vaginal secretions are tested

Answer 1

• To diagnose PROM (Premature Rupture Of the Membrane)
• Infections (vaginosis, trichomonas)
• Forensic purpose (rape victims)

Question 2

• Abnormal vaginal discharge or odor
• Pruritus
• Dysuria, and dyspareunia
• secondary to bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis, or vulvovaginal candidiasis

Answer 2

Vaginitis

Question 3

Clinical manifestation in vaginitis which is characterized by vaginal irritation

Answer 3

Pruritis

Question 4

T or F

Vaginitis is secondary to bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal cadidiasis

Answer 4

T

Question 5

What are the (3) non-infectious conditions of vagitinis

Answer 5

• vaginal atrophy
• allergies
• chemical irritation

Question 6

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

white

Answer 6

Normal color

Question 7

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

no odor

Answer 7

Normal

Question 8

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

Fishy odor

Answer 8

Abnormal

Question 9

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

Itchy vagina

Answer 9

Pruritis

Question 10

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

Painful urination

Answer 10

Dysuria

Question 11

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

Pain while having sexual intercourse

Answer 11

Dyspareunia

Question 12

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

Vaginal lining becomes thin

Answer 12

Vaginal atrophy

Question 13

Identify the clinical significance based on color or symptoms it presents:

• Caused by feminine was
• pH imbalance

Answer 13

Chemical irritation

Question 14

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

T or F

In vaginal fluid testing, old specimens are needed

Answer 14

F (fresh specimens are necessary)

Question 15

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

What are the (3) microscopic methods in vaginal fluid testing

Answer 15

• Saline wet mount preparation
• Potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination
• Gram stain

Question 16

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

Gold standard

a. Saline wet mount preparation
b. KOH preparation
c. Gram stain
d. ALL
e. NOTA

Answer 16

c. Gram stain

Question 17

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

Familiarize other methods of testing for vaginal fluid

Answer 17

Litmus pH levels, DNA probe testing, culture, and point-of-care test kit

Question 18

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

These (3) parameters are used to diagnose ruptured fetal membranes

Answer 18

• Placental α1-microglobulin(PAMG-1)
• Protein
• Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1)

Question 19

VAGINAL FLUID TESTING

This enzyme is used to assess the risk of preterm delivery

Answer 19

Fetal fibronectin enzyme

Question 20

NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION

Appearance:

Answer 20

Whote, flocculent discharge

Question 21

NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION

pH

Answer 21

3.8 - 4.2

Question 22

NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION

Amine (whiff) test

Answer 22

negative

Question 23

NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION

WBC

Answer 23

rare to 2+

Question 24

NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION

Lactobacilli

Answer 24

predominant

Question 25

# NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION Clue cells

Answer 25

absent

Question 26

# NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION Other cells

Answer 26

absent (except rbc during red ride)

Question 27

# NORMAL FINDINGS IN VAGINAL SECRETION What other organisms can be present in vaginal secretions? | (2)

Answer 27

other lactobacilli subgroups occational yeast

Question 28

# VAGINAL FLUID volume of vaginal fluid collected

Answer 28

0.5 to 1.0 mL of sterile physiological saline

Question 29

# VAGINAL FLUID Specimen shouild be kept at what temperature

Answer 29

room temperature ## Footnote reserve the motility of Trichomonas vaginalis and the recovery of N. gonorrhoeae

Question 30

# VAGINAL FLUID Reasons why vaginal fluid specimen are kept at RT a. presernve motility of trichomonas vaginalis b. recovery of neisseria gonnorhea c. both d. NOTA

Answer 30

c. both

Question 31

# VAGINAL FLUID Specimens for T. vaginalis should be examined within?

Answer 31

Within 2 hours of collection

Question 32

# VAGINAL FLUID C. trachomatis and HSV should be kept at what temperature?

Answer 32

Refrigerated

Question 33

# VAGINAL FLUID Which is incorrect C. trachomatis and HSV a. room temp b. ref temp to induce overgrowth of normal flora c. both d. NOTA

Answer 33

d. NOTA ## Footnote a. room temp (REF TEMP) b. ref temp to induce overgrowth of normal flora (PREVENT OVERGROWTH)

Question 34

# VAGINAL FLUID WHat is added as preservatove for vaginal secretion?

Answer 34

Glycerin

Question 35

# ABNORMAL APPEARANCE Determine specific infection based on discharge: Increased Thin, Homogenous White-To-Gray Discharge

Answer 35

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS (BV)

Question 36

# ABNORMAL APPEARANCE Determine specific infection based on discharge: White, “Cottage Cheese-Like” Discharge

Answer 36

CANDIDA INFECTION (CI)

Question 37

# ABNORMAL APPEARANCE Determine specific infection based on discharge: Increased Yellow-Green, Frothy, Adherent Discharge

Answer 37

TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS

Question 38

# ABNORMAL APPEARANCE Determine specific infection based on discharge: Yellow, Opaque Cervical Discharge

Answer 38

CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS