Materials and their general physical, aesthetic and structural characteristics Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are thermosetting plastics?
Plastics that, once set, cannot be reheated and reshaped. They are heat-resistant and hard-wearing.
Name four examples of thermosetting plastics.
Melamine
Polyester resin
Epoxy resin
Urea formaldehyde
What are thermoplastics?
Plastics that can be reheated, reshaped and recycled multiple times.
Name five examples of thermoplastics.
Acrylic
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
Nylon
Rigid polystyrene
Name three examples of hardwoods.
Mahogany
Beech
Oak
Name two examples of softwoods.
Pine
Cedar
Name four types of manufactured boards.
Plywood
Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF)
Chipboard
Veneered manufactured boards
What are ferrous metals?
Metals that contain iron, making them magnetic and prone to rust without protection.
Give three examples of ferrous metals and alloys.
Mild steel
Carbon steels
Stainless steel
What are non-ferrous metals?
Metals that do not contain iron, so they are generally corrosion-resistant and non-magnetic.
Name three non-ferrous metals and alloys.
Aluminium
Brass
Copper
What is alloying?
The process of combining a metal with other elements to improve its properties and working characteristics.
What is graphene and why is it important?
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It’s extremely strong, lightweight, flexible, and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. Potential uses include flexible electronics, medical devices and high-strength materials.
What is annealing in heat treatment?
A process of heating and then slowly cooling a material to make it softer and more ductile.
What is normalising in heat treatment?
Heating a metal and then allowing it to cool in air to relieve internal stresses and improve toughness.
What is hardening in heat treatment?
Heating a metal and then rapidly cooling it, typically in water or oil, to increase its hardness and strength.
What is tempering in heat treatment?
Reheating a hardened metal to a lower temperature and then cooling it, to reduce brittleness while maintaining strength.
