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Repro > maternal recognition of pregnancy > Flashcards

maternal recognition of pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

conceptus definition

A

membranes + embryo

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2
Q

luteotropic signal

A

signal that regresses the CL

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3
Q

anti luteolytic signal

A

signal that prevents regression of the Cl

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4
Q

what is maternal recognition of pregnancy

A

conceptus signals presence to mother, leading to a change in maternal physiology

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5
Q

what physiological changes occur due to recognition of pregnancy

A

-progesterone production by ovary
-increased vascularization of local endometrium
-increased production of histotroph for conceptus

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6
Q

what causes the down-regulation of oxytocin hormone receptors

A

IFN-t

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7
Q

stepwise mechanism when INF-T is present

A

-oxytocin receptors downregulated
-PGF2a decrease and PGE2 increase
-anti luteolytic effect

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8
Q

stepwise mechanism when INF-T is absent

A

-oxytocin binds to receptors
-increased production of PGF2a
-luteolytic effect

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9
Q

T/F E2 is essential for fetal development

A

FALSE. it is not essential for
-pre implantation development
-conceptus elongation
-early CL maintenance

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10
Q

what what used to knockout aromatase to study the effect of E2 on early pregnancy

A

CYP19A1

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11
Q

how does the horse conceptus signal pregnancy

A

it rolls around in the uterus

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12
Q

when does the horse conceptus interdigitate to uterus to start growth

A

day 18 post ovulation

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13
Q

T/F almost all animals have an accessory CL

A

FALSE. its unique to horses

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14
Q

what causes the production of an accessory CL

A

eCG

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15
Q

eCG
-what is it produced by
-what is its function
-when is it produced

A

-produced by endometrial cups
-acts like FSH and LH, invades endometrium by chorionic girdle cells of embryonic vesicle
-production starts 40-60 days post fertilization

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16
Q

LH surge length mare vs. others

A

mare: prolonged
others: brief

17
Q

egg transport mare vs. others

A

mare: unfertilized eggs retained in oviduct
others: non fertilized and fertilized eggs transported

18
Q

foal heat mare vs. others

A

mare: estrus response 5-18 days post partum
others: N/A

19
Q

what species rely on CL for progesterone production for entire pregnancy

A

sow and doe

20
Q

what organs produce progesterone throughout ewe pregnancy

A

CL: first 40 days
placenta: last 100 days

21
Q

what organs produce progesterone throughout cow pregnancy

A

CL: first 128 days
placenta: after day 128

22
Q

what organs produce progesterone throughout mare pregnancy

A

original CL: first 35 days
accessory CL: 40-180 days
placenta:160-180

23
Q

what secretes hCG

A

trophectoderm

24
Q

what is the function of hCG

A

prevent CL regression

25
Q

when does hCG production increase

A

7-10 days post-fertilization

26
Q

what is INF-T produced by

A

trophoblast

27
Q

T/F INF-T is specific to pregnancy

A

false

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