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Maurya and Gupta Empires Flashcards

0
Q

Dharma

A

The divine law that rules karma; it requires all people to do their duty based on their social status

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1
Q

Hinduism

A

The major Indian religion which grew out of Aryan religious beliefs

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2
Q

Yoga

A

A method of training in Hinduism that leads you to oneness with God

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3
Q

Buddhism

A

A religion introduced in northern India in the 6th century BC by Siddhartha Gautama

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4
Q

Ascetics

A

A person who practices self denial to achieve an understanding of ultimate reality

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5
Q

Nirvana

A

In Buddhism the ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul

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6
Q

Mauryan Empire

A

323 BC–185 BC

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7
Q

Gupta Empire

A

320 AD–550 AD

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8
Q

Vedic Religion also called

A

Hinduism

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9
Q

Does Hinduism have a single founder of set of beliefs?

A

No

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10
Q

Religion is seen as a way to

A

Liberate the soul from the illusions and pain of everyday life

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11
Q

Goal of a person that believes in Hinduism

A

Your atman (individual soul) rejoins Brahman (god or the over soul)

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12
Q

Brahman has 3 personalities:

A

Brahma (creator)
Vishnu (protector)
Shiva (destroyer)

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13
Q

Trimurti

A

Brahma
Shiva
Vishnu

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14
Q

————— of gods in Hinduism

A

Thousands

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15
Q

Reincarnation

A

The belief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form after death

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16
Q

Samsara

A

The process of these rebirths

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17
Q

Many Indian religions share a belief in

A

Reincarnation

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18
Q

Founder of Buddhism

A

Siddhartha Gautama, a Kshtriya and prince

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19
Q

Key idea of Buddhism

A

All living things suffer; only religious life saves you from suffering

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20
Q

The goal of Buddhism is ———-: ————————-

A

Enlightenment

A state of perfect wisdom

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21
Q

What are the 4 Noble Truths?

A

What Siddhartha understood in his enlightened state

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22
Q

List the 4 Noble Truths of Buddhism

A
  1. All life is suffering
  2. Cause of suffering: people’s selfish desires for temporary, worldly pleasures
  3. End desires to end suffering
  4. Overcome desires and attain enlightenment by following the Eightfold Path
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23
Q

Eightfold Path

A 
Right intention
Right action
Right effort
Right understanding
Right speech
Right livelihood
Right concentration
Right mindfulness
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24
Hindu scriptures
The Vedas, the Mahabarta, and the Ramayana
25
Buddhist Scriptures
They're called SUTRAS (which are discussions or speeches made by the Buddha, written down by his followers)
26
Buddhism and Hinduism both accept the idea of ---------------
Reincarnation
27
B vs H: ----- is created and destroyed in a ------
World | Cycle
28
Buddhism rejected the -------- and ------
Caste system | Polytheism
29
Mauryan Empire united by ----------- around 323 BC
Chandragupta Maurya
30
M. Kicked ------ out of the ----- Valley with a powerful military
Greeks | Indus
31
M. ----------- his people to finance ---- (some paid half their income)
Heavily taxed | Wars
32
M. -------------- government
Bureaucratic
33
M. ----- provinces headed by a royal -------
4 | Prince
34
M. Local ------- for ----- and ---------
Districts Taxes Law keeping
35
M, secret -----/----- (think Eyes of king in Persia)
Police/spies
36
Asoka is
The grandson of Chandragupta
37
Asoka wages --- to expand ----
War | Power
38
Asoka: Battle of Kalingua
100,000 soldiers dead plus unknown number of civilians
39
Asoka converted to --------- --> peace to all beings and nonviolence
Buddhism
40
Asoka placed -------------(------) all over the empire urging peace, fairness, and religious tolerance (acceptance of different people)
Stone pillars | Edicts
41
Gupta Empire is united by ----------------
Chandra Gupta
42
Gupta has an emphasis on ---------------- (as opposed to Asoka/Mauryan)
Hindu culture
43
Gupta located in northern ------ on the --------- and ---------- Rivers
India Indus Ganges
44
Sandra
Chandra's son
45
Sandra loved ------ and ------- but also expanded the -------
Poetry Music Empire
46
Chandra Gupta II
Expanded trade and the empire
47
Gupta empire is called a ----------because of ------, ------------, and -------------
Golden empire Peace Political efficiency Economic prosperity
48
Gupta government divided into ---------- run by members of -------- (called ---------)
Provinces Gupta family Viceroys
49
Gupta political control ------------- and -------------; more ---/----
Less centralized Top down Power/involvement
50
Maurya: ----- tax was chief source of -------;----- (a tax on almost all items traded) was second big source
Land King's money Toll tax
51
Gupta: Gupta family owns ----,------, a lot of -----. They manage ------ within India, along with the -------- and benefit from it
``` Silver Gold mines Land Trade Silk Road ```
52
The caste system is the most important ------------
Element of society
53
A review, top to bottom of society
Brahmins Kshtriyas Vaisyas Shudras
54
Can you marry outside of your caste?
No
55
Can you change your caste?
No
56
Shudras (farmers/peasants) are the --------------
Largest group
57
Maurya: people still divided into -----; part of --------------
Tribes | Chandragupta
58
Maurya's achievement is to unite -------- --------- ---------into one state
Smaller Warring Tribal groups
59
Gupta India was a ------- society: families headed by the ------
Patriarchal | Oldest male
60
China imports
``` Buddhism Cloth Glass Spices Diamonds Incense Pepper Shells Ivory Timber Textiles ```
61
China exports
``` Silk Spices Teas Porcelain Cloth Clothing Jade ```
62
India imports
``` Silk Spices Teas Porcelain Cloth Clothing ```
63
India exports
``` Ivory Textiles Glass Precious stones Diamonds Pepper Tortoise shells Incense Cloth (calico) Spices Timber Buddhism ```

World History I (37 decks)

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