MCQs From Med Chem Flashcards
(171 cards)
1
Q
What is Phenoxybenzamine derived from?
A
Beta halo alkyl amine
2
Q
What is Tamsulosin derived from?
A
Aryl sulphonamide
3
Q
How does Phenoxybenzamine act?
A
It acts:
1. Directly on alpha receptor
2. Irreversibly blocks alpha receptor
3. Forms Ethylene iminium ion
4
Q
What is Chlonidine used for?
A
Migraine, glaucoma, opioid withdrawal symptoms
5
Q
Which selective beta-2 agonist is not metabolised by COMT?
A
Pirbuterol
6
Q
What is Betaxolol used for?
A
It is a long acting beta blocker that is used for Glaucoma
7
Q
Name the heterocyclic rings present in Timolol
A
1,2,5 - Thiadiazole and Morpholine
8
Q
Which is the amino acid that Muscarinic receptor contains as a residue for parasympathetic activity?
A
Aspartic acid
9
Q
Which is the drug used for the diagnosis of Myesthenia Gravis?
A
Edrophonium
10
Q
Name a hydrophilic organophosphate drug
A
Ecothiophate
11
Q
Name a selective novel M3 antagonist
A
Darifenacin
12
Q
What is Oxotremorin used for?
A
Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease
13
Q
What is the property of Disulfiram?
A
It inhibits DOPA hydroxylase in Nor-adrenaline synthesis
14
Q
What isomer is Pseudo-ephedrine?
A
Threo isomer
15
Q
What is the IUPAC name of Testosterone?
A
17 beta hydroxyl androst-4-ene-3-one
16
Q
What is the starting material of Diethyl stilbestrol?
A
Anesaldehyde
17
Q
Name 2 drugs having estrogen property
A
Gossypol and Genistein
18
Q
Name 3 drugs having anti-estrogenic activity
A
BOMT, Coumesterol, Flutamide
19
Q
Name 2 progesterone antagonizing drugs
A
Gossypol and Mifeprestone
20
Q
Oxime is used as an antidote for what poisoning?
A
Carbamate and Organophosphate poisoning (except Neostigmine)
21
Q
Which is the reagent used for the conversion of Hydrocortisone to Cortisone?
A
m - CPBA (meta chloro peroxy benzoic acid)
22
Q
From what compound is Cimetidine synthesized?
A
Metiamide
23
Q
Addn of 3C to Pregnolone gives…
A
Bufadienolide
24
Q
How many OH groups and double bonds does Cholesterol contain?
A
1 OH group and 1 double bond
25
Which anti-biotic causes Terfenadine cardiotoxicity?
Erythromycin
26
Name a second generation anti-histamine that is also a metabolite of Hydroxyzine
Cetrizine
27
What is the basic ring present in Nizatidine?
Thiazole
28
Absorption of what drug is inhibited by Cimetidine?
Ketoconazole
29
Which drug is given for Athlet's foot?
Clioquinol
30
What is Athlet's foot?
It is a condition involving fungal infection of the skin in the foot
Also called Tinea pedis
31
Which is the basic ring present in Cicloprox?
2-pyridone
32
What is the MOA of Chloroquine?
- of DNA and RNA polymerase
33
What stereoisomer of Quinine is Quinidine?
(+) stereoisomer
34
Which AA is the starting material for the synthesis of Hemoglobin?
Glycine
Starting material is (Glycine + succinyl CoA)
35
Which is the rate limiting enzyme for the synthesis of Haemoglobin?
Amino levulenic acid synthase (ALA synthase)
36
Where does the process of Hemoglobin synthesis occur?
Half occurs in MITOCHONDRIA and half in CYTOPLASM
37
What are 2 types of drugs used for the treatment of HIV?
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (they can be Competitive or Non-competitive)
38
What are the 2 types of Competitive RTIs?
They are also called NRTI
N can stand for Nuceoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
OR
Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor
39
Examples for Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitor
Zidovudine
Lamivudine
Stavudine
Didanosine
Abacavir
Zalcitibine
40
Examples for Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
Tenofovir
41
Examples for Non-Nucleotide Reverse transcriptase inhibitor
They fall under Non-competitive RTIs
*1st generation drugs:
Efavirenz
Nevirapine
Delaviridine (END)
*2nd generation drugs
Rilpirine
Etravirine
Doravirine (RED)
42
What happens to the fraction of the drug that isn't bioavailable in the body?
It could've been unabsorbed or it could've gone First Pass Metabolism or pre-systemic metabolism
43
What are the 3 drugs present in the Universal Antidote?
Activated Charcoal : Tannic acid : ZnO/MgO
In the ratio 2:1:1
44
What is the role of activated charcoal present in the Universal antidote?
Adsorbs the poison on the surface
It is given in the qnty - 1g/kg if body wt.
*It is an example for physical or mechanical antidote
45
What is the role of Tannic acid present in the Universal Antidote?
It precipitates alkaloids
46
What is the role of ZnO/MgO?
It either neutralizes the acid or brings about the oxidization of alkaloidal compounds
47
Causes for Anemia
1. Pb poisoning
2. Cu, Vit B9, B12 deficiency
3. Sideroblastic anemia
4. Thalassemia
5. Anemia of chronic diseases
48
Ideal Hematocrit levels
For men - less than 0.41
For women - less than 0.38
49
What is Zero order kinetics?
Constant AMOUNT of drugs would be removed
50
What is First Order kinetics?
Constant FRACTION of drugs would be removed
51
Nucleus present in Nizatidine
Thiazole
52
Nucleus in Sulphadiazine
Pyrimidine
53
Name a few drugs used to treat amoebiasis
Ipecac and Glycobiarsol
54
Few things about Isoniazid
1. Hydrazide of Isonicotinic acid
2. Structurally similar to Pyridoxine
3. Inhibits Mycolase synthase
55
Which isomer of Ethambutol is clinically active
Dextro isomer
56
For which Anti-tubercular drug is a monthly eye exam essential?
Ethambutol
57
Cycloserine is an analogue of which amino acid?
D-alanine
58
Which drug is also called an Ansamycin antibiotic?
Rifampin
59
Which drug has the presence of an orally active phenazine dye?
Clofazimine
60
Name the active metabolite of Rifampin
25-desacetylated RMP
61
What are the starting materials for the synthesis of Sulphadiazine?
Guanidine and formyl acetic acid
62
Which Flouro quinolone does not contain a cyclopropane group at N-1?
Ofloxacin
63
Few points about Penicillin
1. Good oral absorption, bt relatively acid labile
2. Ineffective against gram -ve bacteria
3. Effective against gram +ve bacteria
64
IUPAC name of Methicillin
2,6 - Dimethoxy phenyl penicillin
65
Name an Anti-pseudomonal penicillin
Carbenicillin
66
IUPAC name of Penicillin F
Pent-2-phenyl penicillin
67
IUPAC name of Penicillin G
Benzyl penicillin
68
IUPAC name of Penicillin X
p-hydroxy phenyl penicillin
69
IUPAC name of Penicillin V
Phenoxy methyl penicillin
70
IUPAC name of Penicillin K
n-heptyl penicillin
71
Which is the more clinically active isomer of Ampicillin?
L(+) Ampicillin
72
Name a beta-lactamase inhibitor of Clauvulanic acid
1-oxapenam structure which has no amino acyl side chain
73
Give some examples of Penam - 1,1 - dioxide
Sulbactum, Tazobactam
74
Examples of Monobactam
Sulphasezin, Azure onam, Tigemonam
75
Give some points for Rifambutin
1. It inhibits Mycobacterial RNA polymerase
2. It is very useful in treating Mycobacterium avium complex
76
Starting material of Mebendazole
4-chloro benzophenone
77
What ring does Artemether have?
Trioxane ring
78
Name some purine based antagonistic drugs
Fludrabine, Cladrabine, 6 - mercaptopurine
79
Name some Pyrimidine based antagonistic drugs
Cytrabine, Capcitabine, Tegafur
80
What is the name of the 13-hydroxyl metabolite of Doxorubin?
Adriamycinol
81
What is the name of the basic ring present in Actinomycin?
Phenoxazone
82
Which drug is used as an anti-androgen in prostate cancer?
Flutamide
83
Which drug is used as an SERM in advanced breast cancer?
Flutamide
84
Name 2 enzymes that are used to cure tumors
Pegaspargase (WTFF) and L-asparginase
85
Name a COMT inhibitor
Tolcapone
86
Name an anti-fungal antibiotic
Cycloserine
87
Name a topical sulphonamide
Silver sulphadiazine
88
Sulphasalazine is a prodrug which is activated by ______ enzyme
Azo-reductase
89
Which of the following is NOT present in Macrolide?
A. A large lactose ring
B. A glycosidically linked amino sugar
C. A spiroketal group
D. A ketone group
B. Glycosidically linked amino sugar
90
Rituxumab is a _______ type of monoclonal anti-body
Chimeric
91
What are some ADRs of Rifampin?
1. Flu-like syndrome
2. Hepatitis
3. Gives a red orange colour to urine
92
What are some of the ADRs of Isoniazid?
1. Xerostomia
2. Peripheral neuritis
3. Hepatotoxicity
93
What is the MOA of Myambutol?
It acts by inhibiting Arabinosyl transferase
94
MOA of Pyrizinamide
Inhibition of Fatty acids synthase
95
MOA of Rifampin
Inhibition of DNA dependant RNA polymerase
96
MOA of Thiacetazone
Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
97
What ring structure does Clauvulanic acid (beta lactase inhibitor) contain?
Oxapenam ring
98
What nucleus does Cloxacillin contain?
Isoxasole
99
Which Anti-tubercular drug does not cause Hepatitis?
Ethambutol
100
Name the principle alkylator in Cyclophosphamide
4 - hydroxy cyclophosphamide
101
Name a second generation Quinolone antibiotic
Ciprofloxacin
102
Which anti-tubercular drug is NOT synthetic?
Pyrizinamide
103
What is the MOA of PAS?
Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
104
Name 2 drugs that are effective against Hepatitis C
Interferon alpha + Ribavirin
105
Name an anti-fungal drug that has an Imidazole nucleus
Butaconazole
106
Starting material of Efavirenz
5-chloro anthralinic acid
107
What is Furosemide derived from?
Anthralinic acid
108
Because of what bond does Finesteride act as a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor?
Because of the double bond present between C-1-2
109
What do all naturally occurring tetracycline contain?
An alpha - C3/C4 keto enol group
110
Name an anti-biotic with imine functionality
Roxithromycin
111
Name a cephalosporin antibiotic with a "cyanomethyl side chain"
Cephacetrile
112
Name an ultra-short acting cardioselective beta blocker
Esmolol
113
Name some ADRs of MG COA reductase inhibitors
1. Myalgia
2. Myositis and Rhamdomylosis
3. Angioedema
114
Cholestryamine is a polymer of...
Di-vinyl benzene and 4° NH3 salt
115
Lovastatin is obtained from...
Aspergillus terreus and Monoscus rubber
116
Clofibrate increases the toxicity of...
1. Phenytoin
2. Tolbutamide
3. Coumarin
117
Which drug causes Monday morning sickness?
Glyceryl trinitrate
118
What is the metabolite of Spironolactone?
Canrenone
119
Which drug causes the side effect of Hearing loss?
Hydrochlorthiazide
120
Which drug is used for the acute attack of Gout?
Colchicine
121
What serious ADR does Spironolactone cause?
Hyperkalemia
122
Butamide contains a phenoxy group at which position?
4th position
123
Name a diuretic which causes Digoxin toxicity
Spironolactone
124
Name a diuretic which conjugates with glucouronic acid
Furosemide
125
Name an ACE - which is not bound to plasma or is bound 0.1%
Lisnopril
126
In what category of diuretics is Gitelman's syndrome found?
Thiazide diuretics
Gitelman's syndrome is a rare, inherited kidney disorder where it's ability to REABSORB SALT IS AFFECTED, LEADING YO LOW K+, Mg+ and Ca+
It also leads to increased blood pH
127
Thiazide diuretics cause _____ toxicity
Lithium
128
Name a di-hydropyridine hypertensive agent which causes CEREBRAL VASOSPASM
Isradipine
129
Which type of Ca channel does Nifedipine block?
L-type
130
Half-life of Renin
15 mins
131
What type of peptide is Bradykinin?
Nonapeptide
132
Half-life of Angiotensin in tissue
15-30 mins
133
Rofecoxib should not be given to a patient who is already taking _____
An ACE inhibitor
134
What is the nucleus present in Acetazolamide?
1,3,4 - Thiadiazole
135
Which drug is given for Digitalis induced arrythemia?
Phenytoin
136
Which is the ring present in Amiodarone?
Benzofuran
137
The anti-arrythmic activity of Propefenone is due to __________
It's R and S enantiomer
138
Name 3 drugs that are given for Ventricular arrythmia
Lidocaine, Tocainide and Propefenone
139
Verapamil is contraindicated in which condition?
Ventricular arrythmia
140
Chemical name of Hydralazine
1 - hydralazino pthalazine
141
What drug is contraindicated with Sulpha drug?
Procainamide
142
Name 2 Insulin Secretogogues
Liraglutide and Exenatide
143
Which Oral Hypoglycemic drug causes Cyanocobalamin deficiency and Lactic acidosis?
Biguanide
144
Name the method used for the synthesis of Minoxidil
Chichibabin synthesis
145
Method used for synthesizing Verapamil
Hantzch Pyridine synthesis
146
Name 2 amino acids present in Lisnopril
Lysine and Proline
147
Name a newer Insulinomimetic agent
Vanadium salt
148
A few points about Amiodarone
1. Contains Benzofuran and Benzoyl ring
2. It is used in supra ventricular tachycardia
3. Causes a slate gray discolouration of skin
4. It is a K+ channel blocker
149
Name a 'Sulphated polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed' which is also used as an INFLAMMATION REDUCING AGENT in Experimental Pharmacology
Carrageen or Carrageenan
150
To what classification does Phenylbutazone belong to?
Pyrazolidinone
151
Name 2 Selective COX inhibitors which contain an Isoxasole ring
Valdecoxib and Paracoxib
152
By what ROA is Paracoxib administered?
Parentrally
153
Name an Anti-inflammatory drug which gives thr oil of Wintergreen during urine excretion.
Methyl salicylate
154
What is the starting material in the synthesis of Captopril?
Methacrylic acid
155
Name a few NSAIDs that are prodrugs.
Nabumetone and Sulindac
156
Pyrazole derivatives amongst NSAIDs cause which disease?
Agranulocytosis (serious and dangerous lack of granulocytes, particularly, neutrophils)
157
Simvastatin contains which ring?
Naphthyl ring
158
Fluvastatin contains which ring?
Indole ring
159
Name the basic ring present in Guanethidine
Benzepine
160
Which isomer of Verapamil is a Ca channel blocker?
Dextro
161
Name an Anti-hypertensive drug which has a tetrazole ring
Versartan
162
Name a drug used for emergency treatment
Amyl Nitrite
163
Name the toxic metabolite of Paracetamol which causes hepatotoxicity.
N - Acetyl - p - benzoquinone imine
164
Metabolism of Paracetamol occurs via which pathway?
Glucuronide and Sulphate pathway
165
Name the most active form of Ibuprofen
S (+)
166
What is the Half-life of Peroxicam?
50 hours
167
Which NSAID causes anaphylaxis?
Zomipirac
168
How does Nipecotic acid derivative act?
It acts by inhibiting GABA re-uptake
169
What ring does Droperidol (an anti-emetic drug) contain?
It contains a BUTYROPHENONE RING with a BENZIMIDAZOLINONE side chain
170
How is Benorite (an NSAID and anti-pyretic drug) synthesized?
It is synthesized by the polymeric condensation of Actyl salicylic ester of Paracetamol
171
Basic ring present in Triamterene
Pteridine ring
