The longus colli muscle - Latin for ____ of the _____ - The longus colli is situated on the (anterior or posterior?) surface of the vertebral column, between the ___ and the _____ vertebra.

long muscle of the neck Anterior atlas; third thoracic

Mediastinum Flashcards by Iseoluwa Ojo

Mediastinum

median septum of thoracic cavity between the two _____ cavities.

pleural

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Mediastinum is covered on either side by the ______

mediastinal pleura.

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mediastinum is a highly (mobile or immobile?) septum because it consists primarily of ___ visceral structures bound together by tissue, often infiltrated with ____.

Mobile

hollow

fat

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General BOUNDARIES of mediastinum 
Anterior: \_\_\_\_\_
Posterior: \_\_\_\_\_
Superior: \_\_\_\_\_\_
Inferior:\_\_\_\_\_\_
On each side:  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Sternum

Vertebral column

Superior thoracic aperture

Diaphragm

Mediastinal pleura

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imaginary plane of the mediastinum :

passes through the _____ anteriorly

_______ of the body of the ___ thoracic vertebra/ _______ between ___ and ____vertebrae posteriorly.

sternal angle

lower border

fourth

intervertebral disc

T4 and T5

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SUPERIOR MEDIASTINUM

BOUNDARIES

superior : _____
inferior : ____
anterior : _____
posterior : ____ of ____
laterally: ______

thoracic inlet

imaginary line

manubri sternum

bodies of T1-T4

mediastinal pleura

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

__ arteries
__ veins
__ nerves
__ lymphoid organs and lymphatics
__ tubes
__ muscles

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

-4arteries

Arteries
\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Arch of aorta
Brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

3veins

Veins
_______
_____ of the ______
_______ vein

Right and left brachiocephalic veins.

Upper half ; superior vena cava (SVC)

Left superior intercostal

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

4nerves

Nerves
\_\_\_\_ nerves (right and left)
\_\_\_\_ nerves (right and left).
\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ nerves (right and left)
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerves

Phrenic

Vagus

Sympathetic trunks; cardiac

Left recurrent laryngeal

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

3lymphoid organs and lymphatics

Lymphoid organs and lymphatics
_____
______
______

Lymph node
Thoracic duct
Thymus

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

2tubes

Tubes
_____
_____

Trachea

Esophagus

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CONTENTS of Superior mediastinum

3muscles

Muscles
_____
______
_______

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Longus colli.

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The longus colli muscle

Latin for ____ of the _____
The longus colli is situated on the (anterior or posterior?) surface of the vertebral column, between the ___ and the _____ vertebra.

long muscle of the neck

atlas; third thoracic

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the major structures of superior mediastinum are arranged in the following order from anterior to posterior:

_____
Large ___

Large _____

_____

_____ and _____

______

Thymus

veins

Arteries

Trachea

Esophagus and thoracic duct

Sympathetic trunks.

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Potential dead space in superior mediastinum: In superior mediastinum, all large veins are on the ____ side and all the large arteries are on the ____ side.

Consequently, during increased blood flow, the large veins _____ while the large arteries ____.

This is because there is sufficient dead space on the ___ side.

right

left

expand enormously

do not expand at all

right

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tumors of mediastinum tend to project into the potential dead space of the Superior mediastinum
T/F

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ANTERIOR MEDIASTINUM

Boundaries

Anterior: ____ of ____
Posterior: ________
Superior: _________
Inferior: _____.
On each side: ______

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Body of sternum

Pericardium enclosing heart.

imaginary line

Diaphragm

Mediastinal pleura.

Contents of anterior mediastinum

\_\_\_\_\_\_ tissue. 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ligaments
\_\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_ branches of  \_\_\_\_\_\_ arteries.
\_\_\_\_ portion of  \_\_\_\_\_ (in children)

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Loose areolar

Superior and inferior sternopericardial

Three or four lymph nodes.

Mediastinal; internal thoracic (mammary)

Lower; thymus

Fat is a content of the anterior mediastinum

T/F

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The sternopericardial ligaments are (consistent or inconsistent ?) structures serving to tether the (anterior or posterior ?) surface of the pericardium to the sternum.

There are two: ____ and _____ sternopericardial ligaments

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inconsistent

superior and inferior

The anterior mediastinum is a very (narrow or wide?) space.

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Narrow

Anterior mediastinum is continuous through superior mediastinum with the _____ space of the neck.

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pretracheal

neck infection in Prevertebral space may spread into the anterior mediastinum.
T/F

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Pretracheal

MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM CONTENTS - mainly _____ and ____ - Lymph nodes : _______ nodes - Arteries(______, _______ ,______ arteries

Pericardium and heart tracheobronchial ascending aorta; pulmonary trunk; pericardiophrenic

MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM CONTENTS Nerves : _______ nerves , _______ -Veins : ____(___ half) , ___ vein( _____ part), ____ and ______ vein)

phrenic deep cardiac plexus SVC; lower azygos; terminal ; IVC ; pulmonary

MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM CONTENTS Tubes! ______ of ______ right and left _______

bifurcation of trachea principal bronchi

POSTERIOR INFERIOR MEDIASTINUM BOUNDARIES - Anterior : _____ and ____ - posterior: ____ of _____ vertebrae and intervening ____ - Superior: _____ - Inferior: _____ - Lateral : ____

pericardium and Diaphragm bodies; lower 8 thoracic; intervertebral discs imaginary line Diaphragm pleura

CONTENTS of posterior mediastinum - ____ nerve - Awon oloriburuku - ______ lymph nodes - ____ nerves and _____ trunks - _____ - ______ and ___ veins - ______ - ______

Vagus Posterior mediastinal Splanchnic; sympathetic Descending aorta Asygos and hemiazygos Thoracic duct Esophagus

Mediastinitis is the inflammation of the ______ of the mediastinum

loose connective tissue

Subcutaneous emphysema at the root of the neck In esophageal perforations caused by penetrating wounds, ___ escapes into the connective tissue space of the mediastinum and my _____ (above or beneath?) the fascia to the _____ producing subcutaneous emphysema

air ascend beneath root of the neck

The common cause of mediastinal syndrome includes bronchiogenic carcinoma, aneurysm of aorta, enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes like in hodgkin disease

Babe

Pus from neck can enter into the anterior mediastinum T/F

F Posterior mediastinum

Pus can get to the thigh from posterior mediastinum T/F

Pus can get to the thigh from posterior mediastinum through a ____ shaped orifice of the _____ to the region of _____

funnel psoas sheath femoral triangle

Intrapleural pressure is high in the affected side in ____ and ____ Intrapleural pressure is low in the affected side in ____ and ____

pneumothorax; hydrothorax lung collapse and atelectasis

Mediastinal shifts to the side with less intrapleural pressure T/F

Mediastinum contains all the thoracic viscera except???

Lungs

Largest mediastinum structure

Heart

Commonest cause of widening of inferior mediastinum??

Enlargement of the heart

Mediastinum Flashcards

(40 cards)