Popliteal Fossa Flashcards by Iseoluwa Ojo

POPLITEAL FOSSA

______-shaped depression in (anterior or posterior?) aspect of knee
•Transmits important vessels and nerves from thigh to leg or vice versa

Diamond

Posterior

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BOUNDARIES OF POPLITEAL FOSSA
•Superolateral border
➢\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
•Superomedial border
➢\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
•Inferolateral border
➢ \_\_\_\_\_ head of \_\_\_\_\_
•Inferomedial border
\_\_\_\_\_ head of \_\_\_\_\_

biceps femoris

semimembranosus and *semitendinosus

lateral; gastrocnemius

Medial; gastrocnemius

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BOUNDARIES OF POPLITEAL FOSSA
•Posteriorly/Roof
➢_____ and _____

•Anteriorly/Floor
➢\_\_\_\_\_\_ surface of \_\_\_\_
➢Capsule of knee joint
➢\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ligament
➢\_\_\_\_\_ fascia over \_\_\_\_\_\_

Skin and fascia

Popliteal; femur

Oblique popliteal

Popliteal; popliteus

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Contents of the popliteal fossa
•\_\_\_\_\_\_ artery and branches
•\_\_\_\_\_\_ vein and tributaries
•Termination of  \_\_\_\_\_ vein
•\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ nerves
•\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerve of thigh
•\_\_\_\_\_\_ lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

Popliteal

small saphenous

Tibial and common fibular

Posterior cutaneous

popliteal

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FASCIA OF THE POPLITEAL FOSSA
Superficial fascia- the subcutaneous tissue overlying the popliteal fossa contains:
•\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ vein
•3 cutaneous nerves:
1.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerve of thigh
2.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerve
3.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerve

Small saphenous

Posterior cutaneous

Medial sural cutaneous

Lateral sural cutaneous

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Popliteal fascia
•Is a strong sheet of ____ fascia
•It is continuous superiorly with the _____ and inferiorly with the _______

deep

fascia lata

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Popliteal fascia

It forms a:
•protective covering for neurovascular structures passing from the ____ to the ___ through the _____ fossa
•Relatively (loose or tight?) but functional retaining band (retinaculum) for the ____ tendon

thigh; leg

popliteal

Loose

hamstring

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Popliteal fascia is rarely pierced by the small saphenous vein
T/F

It is often pierced by the small saphenous vein

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Popliteal artery

•Continuation of _____ artery

femoral

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Popliteal artery

Begins when femoral artery passes thru _____

adductor hiatus

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Popliteal artery

Passes (superior or Inferior?) (Medially or laterally?) through popliteal fossa

•Terminates at (superior or inferior?) border of ____ by dividing into ______ and tarteries

Inferior

Laterally

inferior

popliteus

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Deepest structure in popliteal fossa runs close to _______ of knee joint

articular capsule

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BRANCHES OF POPLITEAL ARTERY

•___ genicular branches participates in the genicular anastomoses:

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BRANCHES OF POPLITEAL ARTERY

________ genicular artery
_______ genicular artery
______ genicular artery
_______ genicular artery
_______ genicular artery

•Muscular branches-____,____,_____ and ____ muscles

Lateral superior

Medial superior

Middle

Lateral inferior

Medial inferior

hamstring; gastrocnemius

soleus and plantaris

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THE POPLITEAL VEIN
•Formed at (proximal or distal?) border of _____ by union of ____ and _______ veins
•Throughout its course vein lies (superficial or deep?) and runs close to artery in same fibrous sheath

Distal

popliteus

anterior and posterior tibial

Superficial

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THE POPLITEAL VEIN

At first, vein lies (anterior or posterior?) (medial or lateral?) to artery and (medial or lateral?) to tibial nerve
•More superiorly, vein lies _____ to artery and ______ to tibial nerve

Posterior

Medial

Lateral

posterior; anterior

Popliteal vein has few valves

T/F

has several valves

THE POPLITEAL VEIN

•Terminates at ______ becomes ____ vein

adductor hiatus

femoral

SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN

Passes from (anterior or posterior?) aspect of lateral malleolus to _____
Here, it pierces ______ fascia and enters ____ vein

Posterior ; popliteal fossa

deep popliteal

popliteal

TIBIAL NERVE

•Is the (Medial or lateral?) and (smaller or larger?) branch of sciatic nerve

Medial

Larger

TIBIAL NERVE
Branches:

Muscular branches to _____,_____,_____,_____
___________ nerve

Soleus, gastrocnemius, plantaris and popliteus.

Medial sural cutaneous

Most superficial of the neurovascular bundle in the popliteal fossa is????

Tibial nerve

_________ Bisects popliteal fossa as it passes from superior to inferior angle

Tibial nerve

Medial sural cutaneous nerve is joined by the sural communicating branch of the _______ nerve to form the ____ nerve

common fibular

sural

sural nerve supplies ——— side of leg and ankle

lateral

COMMON FIBULAR NERVE | •(medial or Lateral?) (smaller or larger?) terminal branch of sciatic nerve

Lateral Smaller

COMMON FIBULAR NERVE * Begins at (superior or Inferior ?) angle of popliteal fossa * Closely follows medial border of _________ and its tendon * Exits fossa by passing (superficial or deep?) to ____ head of ______ * Then over posterior aspect of head of ____ * Winds around ___ of ____ then divides into terminal branches

Superior biceps femoris Superficial lateral gastrocnemius fibula neck of fibula

POSTERIOR CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THIGH •The most inferior branches supply the skin that overlies the ______ •The nerve traverses most of the length of the _____ compartment of the thigh deep to the _____ •Only its ____ branches enter the subcutaneous tissue as _____ nerves

popliteal fossa posterior fascia lata terminal ; cutaneous

LYMPH NODES •2 groups: 1.Superficial popliteal lymph nodes •Usually (small or large?) in size and lie in popliteal __ •A lymph node lies in termination of _____ vein and receives lymph accompanying lymphatic vessels 2.Deep popliteal lymph nodes •Afferent lymph vessels reach popliteal lymph nodes from ___ joint and lymphatic vessels accompanying arteries of leg •Efferent lymph vessels leave popliteal lymph nodes along the femoral vessels to reach the _______ lymph nodes

Small; fat small saphenous Knee Inguinal

CLINICAL ANATOMY •Popliteal aneurysm- ____ of popliteal artery

dilation

Injury to the tibial nerve- •paralysis of (flexor or extensor?) muscles in leg and intrinsic muscles in _____ •Inability to (plantar or dorsi ?) flex ankles or flex toes •Loss of sensation on sole of foot

Flexor Sole of foot Plantar