Medsurg 11 Flashcards
(46 cards)
A patient with diabetes should ____ because they blunt the rise in glucose level that normally follows a meal.
eat high-fiber foods
____ occurs in patients with heart failure because the left ventricle can’t empty the heart of blood as fast as blood enters from the right ventricle, resulting in congestion in the entire venous system.
Jugular vein distention
The ___ in the United States are diabetes mellitus and glaucoma.
leading causes of blindness
__ , the patient should remain in the semi-Fowler position with his head neither hyperextended nor hyperflexed, to avoid pressure on the suture line. This position can be achieved with the use of a cervical pillow.
After a thyroidectomy
____ may cause abdominal distention, engorged and painful breasts, backache, headache, nervousness, irritability, restlessness, and tremors.
Premenstrual syndrome
____ (pathologic opening of a wound) consists of covering the wound with a moist sterile dressing and notifying the physician.
Treatment of dehiscence
____ blocks the effects of acetylcholine, thereby obstructing its vagal effects on the sinoatrial node and increasing heart rate.
Atropine
___ , particularly aspirin, are the treatment of choice in rheumatoid arthritis because they decrease inflammation and relieve joint pain.
Salicylates
Deep, intense pain that usually worsens at night and is unrelated to movement suggests ___ .
bone pain
___ that follows prolonged or excessive exercise and subsides with rest suggests muscle pain.
Pain
The major hemodynamic changes associated with ___ are decreased left ventricular function and decreased cardiac output.
cardiogenic shock
____ , the patient should be advised that he may experience hoarseness or loss of his voice for several days after surgery.
Before thyroidectomy
Acceptable adverse ____ use include weight gain, acne, headaches, fatigue, and increased urine retention.
effects of long-term steroid
____ effects of long-term steroid use are dizziness on rising, nausea, vomiting, thirst, and pain,
Unacceptable adverse
____ , nursing care includes maintaining normal intracranial pressure, maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure, and preventing injury related to cerebral and cellular ischemia.
After a craniotomy
____ are essential for nucleoprotein synthesis and red blood cell maturation.
Folic acid and vitamin B12
Immediately after ____ nursing care includes not giving the patient anything by mouth until the gag and cough reflexes return, monitoring vital signs and assessing, the level of consciousness (LOC) for signs of increasing intracranial pressure, and administering analgesics that don’t mask the LOC
intracranial surgery
____ includes postural drainage, chest percussion and vibration, and coughing and deep-breathing exercises.
Chest physiotherapy
____ results from excessive levels of adrenocortical hormones and is manifested by fat pads on the face (moon face) and over the upper back (buffalo hump), acne, mood swings, hirsutism, amenorrhea, and decreased libido
Cushing’s syndrome
To prevent an ____ when discontinuing long-term prednisone (Deltasone) therapy, the nurse should taper the dose slowly to allow for monitoring of disease flare-ups and for the return of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function,
addisonian crisis
____ is a pulse that becomes weak during inspiration and strong during expiration. It may be a sign of cardiac tamponade.
Pulsus paradoxus
____ include saliva, mucus, feces, urine, vomitus, blood, and vaginal and penile discharges.
Substances that are expelled through portals of exit
A ____ may be transmitted directly, by contact with an infected body or droplets, or indirectly, by contact with contaminated air, soil, water, or fluids.
microorganism
A ____ who receives estrogen therapy is at an increased risk for gallbladder disease and breast cancer.
postmenopausal woman
