Medsurg 2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
If a patient has a gastric drainage tube in place, the nurse should expect the physician to order ____
potassium chloride
An increased ___ is one of the first indications of respiratory difficulty. It occurs because the heart attempts to compensate for a decreased oxygen supply to the tissues by pumping more blood.
pulse rate
___ is characterized by brittle bones, pinpoint peripheral hemorrhages, and friable gums with loosened teeth.
Vitamin C deficiency
____ results from the failure to absorb vitamin B12 in the GI tract and causes primarily GI and neurologic signs and symptoms.
Pernicious anemia
Normally, intraocular pressure is 12 to 20 mm Hg. It can be measured with a ___.
tonometer
To assess capillary refill, the nurse applies pressure over the nail bed until blanching occurs, quickly releases the pressure, and notes the rate at which blanching fades. Capillary refill indicates ____ , which decreases in shock, thereby lengthening refill time. Normal capillary refill is less than 3 seconds.
perfusion
Except for patients with renal failure, urine output of less than 30 ml/hour signifies ___ and the potential for shock.
dehydration
In elderly patients, the most common fracture is ____ . Osteoporosis weakens the bones, predisposing these patients to fracture, which usually results from a fall.
hip fracture
Before ___ , the nurse should ask the patient whether he’s allergic to the dye, shellfish, or iodine and advise him to take nothing by mouth for 8 hours before the procedure.
angiography
During ____ , approximately 10 to 15 ml of cerebrospinal fluid is removed for laboratory studies and an equal amount of contrast media is injected.
myelography
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea may indicate ___
heart failure
A patient who takes a cardiac glycoside, such as digoxin, should consume a diet that includes ___ .
high-potassium foods
The nurse should limit tracheobronchial suctioning to ___ and should make only two passes.
10 to 15 seconds
Before performing tracheobronchial suctioning, the nurse should ventilate and oxygenate the patient five to six times with a resuscitation bag and 100% oxygen. This procedure is called ___
Bagging
Signs and symptoms of ___ include tachypnea, restlessness, hypotension, and tracheal deviation.
pneumothorax
The cardinal sign of toxic shock syndrome is ___
rapid onset of a high fever.
key sign of peptic ulcer is ___, which can be bright red or dark red, with the consistency of coffee grounds.
hematemesis
___ is a common adverse reaction to aluminum hydroxide.
Constipation
If the body doesn’t use glucose for energy, it metabolizes fat and produces ____.
ketones
Hypertension and hypokalemia are the most significant clinical manifestations of primary ____
hyperaldosteronism
After percutaneous aspiration of the bladder, the patient’s first void is usually ___: however, urine with trank blood should be reported to the physician.
pink
A patient who is undergoing dialysis should take a vitamin supplement and eat foods that are high in calories, but ____
low in protein, sodium, and potassium
In a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the most effective ways to reduce thick secretions are to ___ to 2,500 ml/day and encourage ambulation.
increase fluid intake
The nurse should teach a patient with emphysema how to perform ____ because this slows expiration, prevents alveolar collapse, and helps to control the respiratory rate.
pursed lip breathing
