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Pedia Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Neonate Age

A

First 28 days of life

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2
Q

Infant Age

A

1 month - 1 year

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3
Q

Toddler Age

A

1 - 3 years

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4
Q

Preschool Age

A

4-6 years

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5
Q

School Age

A

7 - 12 years

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6
Q

Adolescent

A

13 - 18 years

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7
Q

900 words vocabulary

A

3 years old

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8
Q

1500 word vocabulary

A

4 years old

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9
Q

2,100 words vocabulary

A

5 years old

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10
Q

Normal Birthweight

A

2.5 - 4.0 kg

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11
Q

Birthweight x2

A

6 months

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12
Q

Birthweight x3

A

12 months / 1 year old

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13
Q

Birthweight x4

A

2 1/2 years

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14
Q

Low Birthweight

A

<2,500 grams

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15
Q

Large Birthweight (macrosomia)

A

> 4,000 grams

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16
Q

Birth length

A

46 - 54 cm

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17
Q

Head circumference

A

33 - 35 cm / 13-14 inches

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18
Q

Chest circumference

A

31 - 33 cm/ 12- 13 inches

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19
Q

Tonic neck disappear

A

4 months

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20
Q

Palmar Grasp

A
  • Start: 2 months
  • Disappear: 4-5 months
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21
Q

Moro reflex disappear

A

4-6 months

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22
Q

Sucking and rooting disappear

A

3 - 4 months

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23
Q

Stepping or walking present

A

3 - 4 months

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24
Q

Plantar reflex

A
  • Disappear: 8-10 months
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25
Anterior fontanelle closes
12 - 18 months
26
Posterior fontanelle closes
2 - 3 months
27
Caput Succedaneum
Swelling of scalp caused by prolonged labor
28
Caput Succedaneum disappear
3rd day of life
29
Cephalhematoma
Collection of blood caused by increased pressure of birth
30
Cephalhematoma absorbed
3 - 6 weeks
31
Craniotabes
Localized swelling of the cranial bones caused by pressure of the fetal skull against the mother pelvic bone in uterus
32
Low set ears indicates
Chromosomal disease 1. Trisomy 21(Down Syndrome) 2. Kidney anomaly
33
Choanal atresia
Blockage at the rear of nose Assessment: - close the newborns mouth and press one nares at a time with fingers. Note any discomfort or distress
34
Cryptorchidism
One or both testicles not present
35
Epispadias
-Urethra doesn't fully develop and reach the penis tip - The opening is on the top of the penis. (Dorsal Surface)
36
Hypospadias
- Urethra doesn't fully develop and reach the penis tip. - The opening is on the bottom of the penis. (Ventral surface)
37
Anencephaly
Absence of cranial bone
38
Craniosynostosis
Early closure of suture line
39
Flat nasal bridge
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
40
Short Neck indicate
Down Syndrome
41
Webbed neck indicate
Turner syndrome
42
Spina Bifida Occulta
There is a small gap in the spine, but no opening or sac on the back
43
Spina Bifida Meningocele
Protrusion: Sac (Meninges + CSF)
44
Spina Bifida Thylomeningocele
Protrusion: Sac (Meninges+ CSF + Spinal Cord/Nerve)
45
Amelia
Absence of extremities
46
Phocomelia
Incomplete extremities
47
Micromelia
Small extremities
48
Syndactyly
Fusion of digits
49
Polydactyly
Excess digit
50
Clubfoot
Abnormal flexion of foot
51
Varus Deviation
Foot turn inward
52
Valgus Deviation
Foot turn outward
53
Equinos
Forefoot are lower than the heel
54
Patent Ductus Arteriosus Medication
Ibuprofen Indomethacin
55
Machinery like murmur
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
56
Loud systolic murmur
Ventricular Septal Defect
57
Olive shape mass in epigastrium
Pyloric stenosis
58
Ribbon like stool
Hirschsprung Disease
59
Wink reflex
Touching the skin near the rectum should make it contact (imperforated anus)
60
Barlow test
Adduct the hip, then apply a downward pressure over the knee with your thumb. If the hip is unstable, the femoral head will slip out of the acetabulum, producing the palpable sensation of the hip dislocating. If the hip is dislocatable, then Barlow's test is positive. (Hip Dysplasia)
61
Galeazzi sign
Child lying down supine with the hips and knees flexed to 90°, the feet flat on the table and the heels touching the buttocks. An inequality in the height of the knees is a positive Galeazzi sign. (Hip Dysplasia)
62
Ortolani test
Reduction is done by abduction of the hip and pushing thigh anteriorly (Hip Dysplasia)
63
Jelly stool/strawberry jam stoo
Intussusception
64
Marfan Syndrome
- Tall and thin with unusually long arms, legs, fingers and toes
65
Complementary feeding
- Best time: 6 months - Earliest time: 4 months - Avoid: grapes, corn, popcorn
66
Egg white
Allergy
67
Honey
Poison
68
Dancing/Stepping disappearance
4 months
69
Babinski
- stroke the sole - Disappear: 12 months
70
Galand Reflex
- stroke the back then the baby will turn to side - Disappear: 9-10 months
71
Cross-Extension Reflex
- hawakan ang isang paa then sisipain ang kabilang paa - Disappear: 12 months
72
Parachute Reflex
- falling sensation - Disappear: 18 months
73
Landau Reflex
- superman - Disappear: 2 years old
74
Neurological Reflex
TDDMPGBCPL 1. Tonic-neck/Boxing/Fencing (4 months) 2. Dancing/Stepping (4 months) 3. Darwin/Palmar (4-5 months) 4. Moro/Startle (4-6 months) 5. Plantar (8-10 months) 6. Galand Reflex (9-10 months) 7. Babinski (12 months) 8. Cross-Extension (12 months) 9. Parachute (18 months) 10. Landau Reflex (2 years old)
75
Sigmund Freud
- Psychosexual/Psychoanalytical - OA PHA LA GE 1. Oral Stage (birth-1 year) 2. Anal Stage (1-3 years) 3. Phallic Stage (3-6 years) 4. Latent Stage (6-puberty) 5. Genital Stage (puberty-death)
76
Erik Erikson
- Psychosocial 1. Trust vs. Mistrust (0-18 months) 2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt (2-3years) 3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years) 4. Industry vs. Inferiority (6-11 years) 5. Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18 years) 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (19-40 years) 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65 years) 8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair (65 and above)
77
Jean Piaget
- Cognitive Development 1. Sensorimotor Stage (birth-2 years) 2. Pre Operational Stage (2-7 years) 3. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years) 4. Formal Operational Stage (12 and above)
78
Lawrence Kohlberg
- Moral Development Level 1: Preconventional Morality (0-9 years) - Obedience & Punishment - Individualism & Exchange Level 2: Conventional Morality (early adolescence - adulthood) - Good Girl - Good Boy - Maintaining Social Order Level 3: Post Conventional - Social Contract & Individual Rights - Universal Principle
79
Play
- Infant - solitary 1-4 months (mobile) 4-7 months (rattle) 7-10 months (large cubes & books) 11-12 months (push & pull, play hammer) - Toddler - Parallel play - Preschool - Associative/Cooperative - School Age - Competitive (indoor) - Adolescent - Competitive (outdoor)
80
Fear
- Infant: stranger anxiety - Toddler: separation anxiety - Preschool: mutation, ghost, dark - School Age: bully, losing, failure - Adolescence: relationship, death
81
Important Person
- Infant: Mother, Caregiver - Toddler: Parents - Preschool: Parents, siblings, - School Age: Teacher - Adolescence: Peers, Relationship
82
Birth - 90 minutes
1. Thoroughly Drying (30 seconds) 2. Skin to Skin Contact (30 seconds) 3. Properly Cord Clamping & Cutting (1-3 minutes) 4. Non Separation (90 minutes) & Breastfeeding (60 minutes)
83
90 minutes - 6 hours
1. Vaccine - BCG (0.05 ml) (right deltoid) - Hepatitis ab (0.5 ml) (right vastus lateralis) - Vitamin K (0.1 ml) ( left vastus lateralis) 2. Anthro Metric
84
Abdominal Circumference
31-33 cm/ 12-13 inches
85
Fetal Length/Height
45-55 cm/ 18-22 inches
86
6 hours after
1. Bathing
87
Within 24-72 hours
Newborn screening
88
Apgar Score
- every 1 and 5 minutes - 0-3: severely depressed (CPR) - 4-6: fair/guarded (Oxygen/Suction) - 7-10: good (Routine Newborn Care)
89
Vital Signs
- HR: 120-160 bpm - RR: 30-60 cpm - BP: 60-80/40-50 - T: 36.6- 37.5 - SO2: >95%
90
Anterior Fontanelle
- Bregma - Anterior - Diamond - Closed: 12-18 months
91
Posterior Fontanelle
- Lambda - Posterior - Triangle - Closed: 2-3 months
92
Shock vs Increased ICP
Shock - ⬇️ BP - ⬆️ HR - ⬆️ RR Increased ICP - ⬆️ BP - ⬇️ HR - ⬇️ RR
93
Varus Deviation
Foot turn inward (paloob)
94
Valgus Deviation
Foot turn outward (palabas)
95
Equinos
Forefoot are lower than the heel
96
Calcaneus
Heel foot
97
G6PD Deficiency
- Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency - Problem: Hemolytic Anemia - Mgt: RBC transfusion & Splenectomy
98
Galactosemia
- lactose intolerance - Problem: diarrhea & vomiting - Mgt: No breastfeeding & Formula Milk (lactose free/soy milk)
99
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
- ⬆️ GSM - Cushing symptoms
100
Congenital Hypothyroidism
- Cause: hyperthyroidism (mother) - Mgt: within 10 days (Levothyroxine)
101
Phenylketonuria
- inability to metabolize protein - Mgt: Phenylalanine free milk & low protein diet
102
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
- inability to metabolize protein - Mgt: low protein diet, B complex (IM/IV) & Dialysis

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