Memory: multistore model of memory

Question 1

Who created the multistore model?

Answer 1

Atkinson and shiffron 1968

Question 2

What is the: sensory memory
capacity
duration
coding

Answer 2

capacity: large
duration: less than 2 seconds
coding: sense specfic

Question 3

What is the: long term memory
.capacity
.duration
.coding

Answer 3

capacity: infinite
duration: lifetime
coding: semantic

Question 4

What is the: short term memory
.capacity
.duration
.coding

Answer 4

capacity: 5-9 items
duration: 18-30 seconds
coding: acoustic

Question 5

What are some strengths for the multistore model?

Answer 5

-evidence from case studies supporting separate stores:
.clive wearing could make new stm but not ltm
-evidence supporting capacity, duration and coding of stm and ltm:
miller, peterson and peterson, bahrick, baddeley.

Question 6

what did miller do that supported the capacity of short term memory?

Answer 6

.miller did a meta-analysis of serial recall tests of digit span -p’s asked to repeat a string of digits/letters .were mostly unable after 9
.chunking could increase capacity

Question 7

what did Peterson and Peterson do to support the duration of short term memory?

Answer 7

.peterson & peterson asked participants to count backwards in threes whilst trying to recall consonant trigrams (e.g. KFV, LPG) .found only 2% could recall beyond 18 seconds

Question 8

what did bahrick do to find out the duration of long term memory?

Answer 8

.bahrick asked participants to name the people from their high school (using yearbook photos)
.after 15 years = 90% recall
.after 48 years = 70% recall

Question 9

what did baddley do to find out the coding of short term memory and long term memory?

Answer 9

.baddeley gave some p’s a list of acoustically-similar words and tested them immediately, others were tested after a 20- minute delay .more errors were made when tested immediately -due to confusion.
.some participants were asked to recall semantically-similar words immediately, some after a delay -more confusion after a delay

Question 10

why was confusion caused in baddleys study?

Answer 10

.caused because participants are only focusing on sound in STM and meaning in LTM

Question 11

What is a limitation to the multistore model?

Answer 11

.there is evidence for more than one type of store - KF damaged his verbal stm but not visual stm
.evidence that ltm is not 1 unitary store -him could make new procedural ltm but not episodic or semantic