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PID Exams > Micro Drugs, Exam 1 > Flashcards

Micro Drugs, Exam 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Vancomycin

A

“MRSA coverage
Blocks cross linking of newly synthesized cell wall to existing cell wall, Binds D-Ala dipeptide
Requires 12 hrs to work “

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2
Q

Clindamycin

A

“Shuts down exotoxin production (Protein synth. Inhibitor)

May allow growth of clostridium dificile, causing pseudomembranous enterocolitis “

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3
Q

Rifampin / rifamycin

A

“Great mucosal penetration
Prophylactic for meningitis (neisseiria won’t develop resistance), treats Tuberculosis
Turns urine and contact lenses red
Inhibits initiation of transcription”

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4
Q

IV Immunoglobulin

A

Neutralizes superantigen

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5
Q

Drotecogin alpha, activated protein C

A

“Anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and fibrinolytic

Slows clotting in purpura fulminans “

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6
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Prevent Inflammation if damaging (e.g. meningitis)

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7
Q

Phosphonomycin

A

“Class???
Acts in Cytoplasm
PEP analogue, block UDP-NAG to UDP-NAM”

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8
Q

D-Cycloserine

A

“Acts in Cytoplasm
Blocks addition of terminal D-ala dipeptide to UDP-NAM
Good for TB (second line)”

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9
Q

Bacitracin

A

”
Acts in membrane
Blocks regeneration of bactoprenol pyrophosphate, required cell wall precursor carrier (Blocks pyrophosphatase
Group A strep VERY sensitive”

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10
Q

Penicillins

A

“Beta-lactams
Block the transpeptidation reaction, displaces terminal D-Ala
Acts on the cell surface
Binds Penicillin binding proteins (PBP)”

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11
Q

Cephalosporins

A

“Beta-lactams
Block the transpeptidation reaction, displaces terminal D-Ala
Acts on the cell surface
Binds Penicillin binding proteins (PBP)”

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12
Q

Monobactam

A

“Beta-lactams
Block the transpeptidation reaction, displaces terminal D-Ala
Acts on the cell surface
Binds Penicillin binding proteins (PBP)”

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13
Q

Carbapenems

A

“Beta-lactams
Block the transpeptidation reaction, displaces terminal D-Ala
Acts on the cell surface
Binds Penicillin binding proteins (PBP)”

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14
Q

What are 4 beta lactams?

A

“Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Monobactam
Carbepenem”

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15
Q

Clavulanic Acid

A

“Inactivates Beta-lactamases

Used with Amoxicillin as Augmentn “

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16
Q

What beta lactams have S group, leading to sensitivity?

A

“Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Carbepenem”

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17
Q

What PBP confers resistance to beta lactams? Most common in _

A

PBP2a, Staph Aureus

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18
Q

Benxyl Penicillin (Pen G)

A

“Penicillin

Beta lactamase sensitive, good Gram + activity”

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19
Q

Phenoxymethyl Penicillin (Pen V)

A

“Penicillin

Beta lactamase sensitive, good Gram + activity”

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20
Q

Procaine Penicillin

A

“Penicillin

Beta lactamase sensitive, good Gram + activity”

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21
Q

Methicillin

A

“Penicillin

Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity “

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22
Q

Oxacillin

A

“Penicillin

Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity “

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23
Q

Nafcillin

A

“Penicillin

Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity “

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24
Q

Cloxacillin

A

“Penicillin

Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity “

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25
Dicloxacillin
"Penicillin | Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity "
26
Flucoxacillin
"Penicillin | Penicillinase Resistant, Good gram + activity "
27
Amoxicillin
"Penicillin | Moderate Spectrum "
28
Ampicillin
"Penicillin | Moderate Spectrum "
29
Piperacillin
"Penicillin | Moderate Spectrum "
30
Augmentin
"Penicillin Amox + Clavulanic acid Extended Spectrum "
31
Carbenicillin
``` "Penicillin Extended Spectrum (Also treats Pseudomonas " ```
32
Ticarcillin
``` "Penicillin Extended Spectrum (Also treats Pseudomonas " ```
33
Cefalexin
``` "First Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +)" ```
34
Cephalothin
``` "First Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +)" ```
35
Cephazolin
``` "First Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +)" ```
36
Cefaclor
``` "Second Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +, with anti haemophillus)" ```
37
Cefuroxime
``` "Second Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +, with anti haemophillus)" ```
38
Cefamandole
``` "Second Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +, with anti haemophillus)" ```
39
Cefotan
``` "Second Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +, with anti anaerobic activity)" ```
40
Cefoxitin
``` "Second Gen Cephalosporin Moderate Spectrum (Mainly gram +, with anti anaerobic activity)" ```
41
Ceftriaxone
``` "Cephalosporin (3rd generation) Broad spectrum (Gram + and -)" ```
42
Cefotaxime
``` "Cephalosporin (3rd generation) Broad spectrum (Gram + and -)" ```
43
Ceftazidime
"Cephalosporin | Broad spectrum with antipseudomonas activity"
44
Cefepime
"Cephalosporin 4th generation | Broad spectrum, enhance gram + activity and beta lactamase stability"
45
Cefpirome
"Cephalosporin 4th generation | Broad spectrum, enhance gram + activity and beta lactamase stability"
46
Imipenen
"Carbepenen | Broadest spectrum of Beta lactams "
47
Aztreonam
"Monobactam | Single ring, lowest chance of cross reactivity "
48
Tazobactam
Beta lactamase inhibitor
49
Sulbactam
Beta lactamase inhibitor
50
Naladixic Acid
"Quinolone Target DNA gyrase (DNA replication) Prevents formation of phosphodiester bonds"
51
Ciprofloxacin
"Fluoroquinolone Target DNA gyrase (DNA replication) Prevents formation of phosphodiester bonds, treats Tuberculosis Risk of enterocolitis, tendons bursting"
52
Norfloxacin
"Fluoroquinolone Target DNA gyrase (DNA replication) Prevents formation of phosphodiester bonds Risk of enterocolitis, tendons bursting. Treats UTI"
53
Ofloxacin
"Fluoroquinolone Target DNA gyrase (DNA replication) Prevents formation of phosphodiester bonds Risk of enterocolitis, tendons bursting"
54
Metronidazole
"Nitroimidazole Used for UTI - Trichomonas vaginalis Anaerobic bacteria and microaerophillic bacteria Intercalates In DNA, blocks replication"
55
Chloramphenicol
"Good CNS penetration Good against gram - Rare use today, aplastic anemia "
56
Erythromycin
"Macrolide antibiotics Used when penicillin allergy Protein Synthesis Inhibitor "
57
Azithromycin
"Macrolide antibiotics Used when penicillin allergy Protein Synthesis Inhibitor "
58
Clarithromycin
"Macrolide antibiotics Used when penicillin allergy Protein Synthesis Inhibitor "
59
Gentamycin
"Aminoglycosides Good for hard to kill gram -, cause amino acid misreading Treats pseudomonas in CF patients Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity "
60
Amikacin
"Aminoglycosides Good for hard to kill gram -, cause amino acid misreading Treats pseudomonas in CF patients Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity "
61
Kanamycin
"Aminoglycosides Good for hard to kill gram -, cause amino acid misreading Treats pseudomonas in CF patients Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity "
62
Tobramycin
"Aminoglycosides Good for hard to kill gram -, cause amino acid misreading Treats pseudomonas in CF patients Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity "
63
Tetracycline
"Tetracycline Protein synthesis inhibitor, broad spectrum, bacteriostatic Binds Calcium, stains teeth "
64
Doxacycline
"Tetracycline Protein synthesis inhibitor, broad spectrum, bacteriostatic Binds Calcium, stains teeth "
65
Mupirocin
"Protein synthesis inhibitor | Treats strep and staph impetigo, decolonize nose of staph aureus before surgery (+ chlorhexidine)"
66
Linezolid
"Oxazolidinones | Treats MRSA, resistance developed quickly "
67
Polymyxin B
"Membrane active (causes toxicity in all organisms) | Used to remove LPS from columns"
68
Daptomycin
"Causes membrane disruption | Used for MRSA (not as good as vanco)"
69
Sulfonamide and Trimethoprim
"Synergistic combo Broad spectrum, aerobic and facultative bacteria (blocks folic acid metabolism) Pneumocystis carinii - Fungus Anaerobes are resistant "
70
Isoniazid
"Blocks cell wall synthesis | Good for mycobacterium (TB), used in combination "
71
Pyrazinamide
Good for mycobacterium (TB), used in combination
72
Ethambutol
Good for mycobacterium (TB), used in combination
73
Capreomycin
"Amino glycoside | Good for mycobacterium (TB), used in combination "
74
Clofazimine
"Good for mycobacterium (TB), used in combination | Also Leprosy"

PID Exams (17 decks)

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