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Flashcards in Microbio Deck (17)
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1
Q

Mechanism of metronidazole

A

Unravels DNA and breaking strands

2
Q

Mechanism of bacitracin

A

Prevents mucopeptide transfer into growing cell wall

3
Q

Mechanism of sulfamethoxazole

A

Compete with PABA to inhibit DHF synthesis, an intermediate step

4
Q

What can you do to increase the plasma concentration of imipenem?

A

Coadminister cilastatin. Prevents renal metabolism of imipenem.

5
Q

Two mechanisms of penicillin resistance

A
  1. beta lactamases

2. modification of penicillin binding proteins (MRSA does this to resist nafcillin, oxacillin)

6
Q

Cycloserine mechanism

A

Inhibits incorporation of DAla during cell wall synthesis. BUT high ototoxicity rarely used.

7
Q

Mechanism of polymyxin

A

binds to and disrupts permeability of cytoplasmic membrane

8
Q

Mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides

A

inactivation by a modifying enzyme. These will phosphorylate/adenylate/acetylate the antibiotic.

9
Q

mechanism of daptomycin

A

depolarizes cellular membrane by creating transmembrane channels

10
Q

side effect daptomycin

A

myopathy+CPK elevation

inactivated by pulmonary surfactant

11
Q

Linezolid mechanism

A

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding 50S subunit

12
Q

Side effects linezolid

A

thombocytopenia and optic neuritis

13
Q

side effect of vancomycin

A

red man syndrome nephrotoxicity

14
Q

penicillins are structural analogs of

A

D-Ala-D-Ala

15
Q

Sulfonamide mechanism

A

competes with PABA for incorporation into folic acid

16
Q

Condyloma lata

A

wart like genital lesion that shows up during secondary syphilis

17
Q

tertiary syphilia

A

Gummas (necrotizing granulomas on skin), with neuro sx, cardiovascular involvement. If neuro sx, the lesion has to be a gumma!