Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the microbiology word for clusters?

A

staph

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2
Q

what is the microbiology word for chains?

A

strep

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3
Q

what is the microbiology word for round (ball-like)?

A

cocci

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4
Q

streptococci can be broken down into 3. name them.

A
  1. alpha haemolytic
  2. beta haemolytic
  3. non haemolytic
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5
Q

staphylococci can be broken into 2, name them.

A
  1. coagulase positive

2. coagulase negative

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6
Q

beta haemolytic streptococci can be subdivided into 3. what are they? what do the first 2 cause?

A

Group A - throat and skin infection

Group B - neonatal meningitis

Group C -

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7
Q

name the 2 strains of alpha haemolytic streptococci and outline what whey cause.

A

strep. pneumonia - pneumonia

strep. viridans - endocarditis

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8
Q

name the non-haemolytic streptococci and what is causes

A

enterococcus sp. - gut commensal and UTI

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9
Q

name the coagulase positive staphylococci and what it causes.

A

staph. aureus - skin and wound infections

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10
Q

name the coagulase negative staphylococci

A

staph. epidermis

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11
Q

what is the antibiotic of choice for staphylococcus aureus?

A

flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin

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12
Q

name some toxins that some staph. aureus strains produce

A

enterotoxin
SSSST
PVL

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13
Q

what are the MRSA treatment options?

A

doxycycline
co-trimoxazole
clindamycin
vancomycin

NOT flucloxacillin

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14
Q

staphylococcus epidermis is not usually __________ but can cause infection in association with __________ ___________

A

staphylococcus epidermis is not usually PATHOGENIC but can cause infection in association with ARTIFICIAL PROSTHETICS.

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15
Q

match the following:

beta haemolytic
gamma haemolytic
alpha haemolytic

with

complete haemolysis
partial haemolysis
non haemolysis

A
beta haemolytic and
complete haemolysis (yellow)

gamma haemolytic and no haemolysis (white)

alpha haemolytic and partial haemolysis (green)

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16
Q

name the bug that is a Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci that causes infected eczema, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis etc.

A

Strep. Pyogenes

17
Q

necrotising fasciitis is life __________ and requires surgical ___________ as well as ___________

A

necrotising fasciitis is life THREATENING and requires surgical DEBRIDEMENT as well as ANTIBIOTICS

18
Q

name the 2 types of necrotising fasciitis and what they are caused by.

A

Type I - mixed anaerobes and coliforms, post surgery

Type II - Group A strep infection

19
Q

what does tinea (latin) mean in english?

A

ringworm

20
Q

dermatophyte infections are most likely to affect which sex?

A

male

21
Q

what is the most common source of dermatophyte infection?

A

other humans!

22
Q

name the most common causal dermatophyte organism

A

trichophyton rubrum

23
Q

how do you diagnose dermatophyte infections?

A

clinical appearance, woods light and skin scrapings

24
Q

what cream do you use to treat dermatophyte infections?

A

clotrimazole (canastan) cream

25
Q

candida causes infection where? treatment?

A

skin folds - where it is warm and moist

clotrimazole cream

26
Q

where do scabies commonly affect?

A

finger webs, wrists and genital area

27
Q

what is the treatment for scabies?

A
malathion lotion
benzyl benzoate (avoid in children)
28
Q

name the 2 types of bugs: gram ________ and ________.

A

positive and negative

29
Q

what does pediculosis mean in English?

A

lice

30
Q

what is the treatment for lice?

A

malathion