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Microprocessors > ๐—–๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐Ÿญ-๐Ÿฎ: Microprocessor-Based Personal Computer System > Flashcards

๐—–๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐Ÿญ-๐Ÿฎ: Microprocessor-Based Personal Computer System Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Block Diagram of a microprocessor-based computer system

A

Memory system <โ€“> Microprocessor <โ€“> I/O System

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2
Q

Parts of the memory system

A

TPA, System Area, XMS

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3
Q

Holds the DOS operating system and other programs that control the computer system

A

TPA

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4
Q

What does TPA stand for?

A

Transient Program Area

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5
Q

What does DOS stand for?

A

Disk Operating System

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6
Q

Usual length of TPA

A

640KB

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7
Q

Represents the memory addresses that begin and end each data area?

A

Hexadecimal Number

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8
Q

Contains programs that allow DOS to use keyboard, video display, printer, and other I/O devices often found in computers.

A

IO.SYS

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9
Q

What does MSDOS stand for?

A

Microsoft Disk Operating System

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10
Q

What does BIOS stand for?

A

Basic Input/Output System

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11
Q

Are programs that control installable I/O devices

A

Drivers

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12
Q

What does RAM stand for?

A

Random Access Memory

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13
Q

What does ROM stand for?

A

Read-Only Memory

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14
Q

What does CD stand for?

A

Compact Disc

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15
Q

What does DVD stand for?

A

Digital Versatile Disc

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16
Q

Extension for DOS drivers

A

.SYS

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17
Q

Extension of DOS version 3.2 and later

A

.EXE

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18
Q

A file used by Windows to load drivers used by Windows

A

SYSTEM.INI

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19
Q

What does SYS stand for?

A

System

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20
Q

What does EXE stand for?

A

Executable

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21
Q

What does INI stand for?

A

Initialization

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22
Q

Contain information about the system and the drivers used

A

Registry

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23
Q

Program used to view the registry

A

REGEDIT

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24
Q

What does REGEDIT stand for?

A

Windows Registry Editor

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25
Controls operation of the computer from the keyboard when operated in the DOS mode
COMMAND.COM / Command Processor
26
What does COM stand for?
Commercial
27
What happens if you erase COMMAND.COM
The computer cannot be used from the keyboard in DOS mode
28
Contains programs on read-only or flash memory, and areas of read/write memory for data storage
System Area
29
Hexadecimal range of the first area of the system space
A0000H to C7FFFH
30
What does the first area of the system space contain?
video display RAM and video control programs on ROM or flash memory
31
Display adapters generally have their video RAM located at _________, which stores graphical or bit-mapped data
A0000H to AFFFFH
32
Memory at __________ stores text data
B0000H to BFFFFH
33
The video BIOS is at locations ____________ and contains programs that control the DOS video display
C0000H to C7FFFH
34
The area at these locations is often open or free. Also used for EMS in PC or XT system, or for the upper memory system in an AT system.
C8000H to DFFFFH
35
What does XT stand for?
Extended Technology
36
What does AT stand for?
Advanced Technology
37
What does EMS stand for?
Expanded Memory System
38
How much page frame of memory does EMS allow to be used by application programs.
64KB page frame
39
Where is the 64KB page frame usually located?
D0000H to DFFFFH
40
Locations that contain the cassette BASIC language on ROM fond in early IBM personal computer systems.
E0000H to EFFFFH
41
Where in the 64KB of the system area is the system BIOS ROM be located?
F0000H to FFFFFH
42
This ROM controls the operation of the basic I/O devices connected to the computer system
BIOS ROM
43
Part of the system BIOS that often contains programs that set up the ccomputer
F0000H to F7FFFH
44
Part of the system BIOS that contains procedures that control the basic I/O system
second part? F8000H to FFFFFH
45
Two main areas of the Windows memory map
TPA and system area
46
How much memory can Windows programs use when it is located at linear addresses 00000000H through 7FFFFFFFH?
2GB
47
Which linear addresses is the Windows TPA found?
00000000H to 7FFFFFFFH
48
Which linear addresses is the Windows system area found?
80000000H to FFFFFFFFH
49
Assigns physical memory to application
Operating System
50
What is used when there is not enough physical memory?
Hard Disk
51
Devices that allow the microprocessor to communicate with the outside world.
I/O devices
52
Is similar to a memory address, except that instead of addressing memory, it addresses an I/O device
I/O port address
53
Ports where the I/O space in a computer system extends
0000H to FFFFH
54
Location of the section of the I/O area that is considered reserved for system devices
below 0400H
55
Location of the section of the I/O area that is for expansion
0400H to FFFFH
56
I/O addresses that address components on the main board of the computer.
0000H to 00FFH
57
I/O addresses that address devices located on plug-in cards
0100H to 03FFH
58
The controlling element in a computer system
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
59
Three main tasks of the microprocessor for the computer system.
Data transfer between itself and the memory or I/O systems; Simple arithmetic logic operations; Program flow via simple decisions;
60
The capability to execute billions of millions of instructions per second from a program or software
group of instructions
61
What is a data width of 16 bits called?
Word
62
What is a data width of 32 bits called?
Doubleword
63
What is a data width of 64 bits called?
Quadwords
64
What is a data width of 128 bits called?
Octalwords
65
What does SIMD stand for?
Single Instruction, Multiple Data
66
A common group of wires that interconnect components in a computer system.
Buses
67
How many buses exist for transfer of information in the microprocessor-based computer system
3
68
Three buses exist for this transfer of information:
address, data, control
69
Requests a memory location from the memory or an I/O location from the I/O devices
Address Bus
70
Transfers information between the microprocessor and its memory and I/O address space.
Data Bus
71
Lines select and cause memory or I/O to perform a read or write operation.
Control Bus
72
The 4 control bus connections
MRDC, MWTC, IORC, IOWC
73
What does MRDC stand for?
Memory Read Control
74
What does MWTC stand for?
Memory Write Control
75
What does IORC stand for?
I/O Read Control
76
What does IOWC stand for?
I/O Write Control
77
Indicates the control signal is active-low
Overbar
78
active when logic zero appears on control line
Active-Low

Microprocessors (28 decks)

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