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health science emr > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

2 ways to help communicate with a hearing impaired patient

A

gesture, model, allow good lighting so they can read your lips. write down things.

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2
Q

what kind of information should be provided in your transfer reports

A

times, patient information and identifying facts such as height, weight, age and name. treatment. in narrative- documentation about patient refusing care, anything starting with “patient states that”

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3
Q

how often do you switch roles during 2 rescuer CPR for an adult patient

A

every 5 cycles

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4
Q

if CPR is not indicated for a patient, who should you notify

A

EMRS responders

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5
Q

two person CPR on a pediatric patient is what compression to ventilation ratio

A

15 compressions to 2 breaths

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6
Q

when do you use an AED on an adult cardiac arrest patient

A

after running to call 911

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7
Q

after determining a patient is unresponsive, what do you check next

A

pulse, airway, and then breathing

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8
Q

why would an AED say no shock advised

A

if there is no electrical signals in the heart, or if the heart is not in ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation

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9
Q

when should 911 be called if alone with a child in a cardiac arrest

A

after giving 5 cycles of compressions and breaths

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10
Q

one rescuer child CPR should be done with what compression to breath ratio

A

30:2

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11
Q

what should you do if you have a patient with a pacemaker who needs an AED

A

place paddles above or below

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12
Q

what is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants

A

respiratory arrest

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13
Q

what ages can AEDs be used on

A

any

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14
Q

how do you do compressions on an infant

A

thumb circle or with two fingers

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15
Q

if your rescue breath does not cause chest rise, what do you do

A

readjust airway and try again

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16
Q

if your rescue breath does not cause chest rise, what do you do

A

readjust airway and try again

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17
Q

what color is an oxygen tank

A

green

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18
Q

if there are no spinal precautions, what do you do if a patient on their back starts vomitting

A

roll them on their side and begin to dig it out

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19
Q

when can you use the held tilt chin lift method on a patient

A

when they have no spinal injuries. if so, use jaw thrust

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20
Q

how do you do the jaw thrust

A

place thumb behind angle of mandible and push without moving neck

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21
Q

what device would you use if a patient had a dangerously low drive to breath

A

a bag valve mask to force air into their lungs or a naso/oropharyngeal airway if they have no drive to breathe, or a nonrebreather mask if they have a drive to breath

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22
Q

if a patient vomits and it can not be cleared with a rigid catheter, what do you do

A

turn the head to the side and begin to scoop it out, while still delivering breaths every 15 seconds.

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23
Q

what can you do to clear blood in a patients airway

A

use a rigid catheter

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24
Q

if the patient has a traumatic injury or been in a traumatic event, how do you check their airway

A

jaw thrust

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25
Q

why might a hypoxic patient be confused or agitated

A

lack of oxygen to the brain might affect its function

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26
Q

what oxygen device would you use on a stable patient

A

a nasal cannula

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27
Q

what flow rate should be used when a patient is on a nonrebreather mask

A

15, 90% oxygen

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28
Q

if a patient is complaining about dyspnea what should be your first concern

A

the status of their airway

29
Q

what do you do if a patient begins to gag while inserting an oropharyngeal airway

A

take it out

30
Q

why wont a patient gag when insert a nasopharyngeal airway

A

it doesnt go down the throat

31
Q

what is duty to act

A

the obligation to act within the scope of your training

32
Q

what must be true of your patient if they are going to refuse care

A

they must be an adult in a sound state of mind. they can not be in a state of severe pain, lethargy, reduced oxygen/blood flow to brain, or have any mind altering mental conditions

33
Q

what is the purpose of documentation

A

it serves as a legal document to provide an account of what you did for the patient. it protects you from any allegations of wrongdoing. also allows continuous care of patient.

34
Q

if you have an underage patient with no guardian present, how do you proceed

A

treat them

35
Q

what should you do if you question the validity of a DNR

A

treat the patient just in case

36
Q

when can a patients protected health information be shared

A

with patient or someone who is directly caring for them. when it is necessary for their care

37
Q

what are important factors to remember at crime scenes

A

scene safety, document anything that you move, document anything patient says, cut around bullet or knife holes in clothing

38
Q

what are off-line versus on-line protocols

A

off-line are written agency/hospital protocols, on-line are protocols from the medical director

39
Q

if you are en route to a scene and law enforcement is at the scene, what might that mean

A

that a crime has been committed or the scene is unsafe

40
Q

what is standard of care

A

provide care that a reasonable person with similar training would provide in a similar situation

41
Q

what components must happen for negligence to occur

A

there must be failure from a provider to meet standard of care resulting in an injury. there must’ve been a duty to act, a breach of that duty, and proximate causation (injury caused by your actions or lack thereof)

42
Q

if a competent patient refuses care, what must you do

A

explain why they need care, what might happen if they dont get it, tell them to call 911 if they change their mind, and document everything said

43
Q

how should you move a patient with a suspected head or neck injury

A

with a log roll onto a backboard.

44
Q

what is a scoop stretcher

A

an immobilization backboard that comes apart and then clicks together under patient. used for suspected spinal injuries.

45
Q

lifting rules

A

lift with your legs, keep back straight, feet slight apart, keep weight close to body, dont twist your back

46
Q

how do you perform a two person seat carry

A

rescuers lock arms behind patient back and under patient thighs

47
Q

what reasons should you move a patient emergently

A

unstable vehicle, imminent fire/explosion, unsafe area such as the middle of road, CPR or AED necessary

48
Q

what is the most important rule when lifting patients

A

do no further harm

49
Q

what are standard precautions

A

basic level of infection control used for all patients. includes PPE and handwashing, as well as safety around needles.

50
Q

what type of PPE is necessary for a patient in respiratory precautions

A

a KN95 mask, gloves and gown and goggles.

51
Q

what is the function of B lymphocytes in the immune system

A

they shape their antibodies (surface proteins) to match nonself antigens, and then do clonal expansion to create plasma b cells (mass produce antibodies) and memory b cells

52
Q

what do immunizations do to our body

A

they trigger an immune response so the body can recognize the foreign antigen, create t cell and b cell memories, and therefore immunity as the body learns how to respond

53
Q

how would PPE be necessary for suctioning a patient

A

there is the possibility of splash and exposure to body fluids, so gloves, a mask, and goggles would be necessary.

54
Q

how should needles be used in a patient care setting

A

they should not be recapped, placed in the sharps bin, and protocols for exposure should be followed

55
Q

what are the components of quality improvement

A

continuous evaluation and improvement for patient care

56
Q

where are the vocal cords located

A

the larynx, below the pharynx which also has the epiglottis

57
Q

what anatomical changes occur during inhalation

A

the diaphragm lowers, the external intercostals contract to rise ribs

58
Q

at what anatomical structure does oxygen enter the bloodstream

A

alveoli

59
Q

what is the normal respiratory rate for an infant

A

20-40

60
Q

what is the normal respiratory rate for an adult

A

12-20

61
Q

what does it mean if a patient aspirates

A

they accidentally breathe something in, often vomit

62
Q

what might you hear when someone has a mile airway obstruction

A

coughing, strider (high pitched sound)

63
Q

what is the purpose of a pulse oximeter

A

provide an estimate of O2 saturation (amount of O2 attached to hemoglobin)

64
Q

how do you treat a conscious adult with a severe airway obstruction

A

ask if they are choking, get behind patient without stopping to call 911 (wait until they fall unconscious), place a fist below their belly button and push hard and fast on diaphragm. after, do 5 back blows. repeat until patient is unconscious.

65
Q

how do you treat a choking infant

A

if conscious, give 5 back blows while they are resting on your forearm. flip baby and give 5 chest compressions. repeat until they fall unconscious, in which case begin CPR by giving 30 compressions (if alone)

66
Q

what is the purpose of the oropharyngeal airway

A

it holds the tongue off the pharynx, allows for the insertion of the rigid catheter

67
Q

how often do you provide a breath for an adult when using the bag valve mask

A

1 breath every 5-6 seconds

68
Q

interruptions to CPR should last

A

no more than 10 seconds

69
Q

what is the function of CPR while waiting for the AED to arrive

A

to keep blood/oxygen flowing to the brain and body

health science emr (16 decks)

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