Midterm 2 - Importance of Growth Hormone Flashcards
(43 cards)
where does GH originate from
cells of the anterior pituitary
what does GH promote
tissue and body growth in young animals
what does GH especially promote
longitudinal growth until skeleton is complete
what does GH mainly control in adults
metabolism
does GH stimulate growth in fetal life
no - IGF1 and 2
what does protein sequence differ a lot between
species (poor cross reactivity)
what regulates GH
GHRH and GHIH
what increases GH secretion
high aa and low glucose content in plasma
exercising and stress
sex steroids
why does GH increase during sleep
it follows a circadian pattern
what type of eating will increase GH
high protein diet
long fasting
what happens at puberty due to GH
burst of growth
what is IGF1 responsible for
negative feed back on GH secretion
does GH have a short or long half life
short (about 20 min)
what does GH affect
most cells in the body
what type of hormone is GH
anabolic - promotes synthesis of protein (like insulin)
while being anabolic, what else is GH
a catabolic hormone - conversely to insulin GH stimulates lipolysis and reduces lipogenesis in adipose tissue
what does lipolysis increase
fatty acid production
what does GH decrease
glucose utilization in most tissue… in turn increasing glucose concentration in blood
what does GH do its indirect roles
via IGFs
what does GH stimulate
synthesis of IGF1 and its binding proteins in the liver
aside from GH stimulation, where are small amounts of IGFs produced
locally in muscle and adipose tissue
what is IGF1
a polypeptide chain with a sequence similar in human, porcine, and bovine
what is a main difference between GH and IGF1
IGF1 has a much longer half-life than GH due to being bound to carrier proteins
how does IGFs act
via its own tyrosine kinase receptors
