Misc Flashcards by brayden ashdown

acute dystonia is caused by… MOA… tx…

typical antipsychotics
dopamine blockade leads to extrapyramidal symptoms due to unopposed cholinergic
anticholinergic like benztropine

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two drugs that act on leukotrienes in asthma

montelukast… receptor antagonist

- zileuton… inhibitor of 5-lipoxegenase (inhibits production)

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neuroleptic malignant syndrome

-adverse reaction associated with typical antipsychotics

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mebendazole is used for…

-pinworms

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college kid with fuzzy infiltrates on X-ray, tx with ceftriaxone, no improvement, switch to… because he has

macrolide

- atypical pnuemonia due to mycoplasma

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flu-like prodrome, ALT>AST, can reach over 10,000, jaundice, icterus etc…. unusual transmission/

HepA

- fecal/oral

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poliovirus mode of transmission

-fecal/oral

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mallory bodies look like … on path

-twisted rope

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healthy, normal weight person with OSA? think about…

acromegaly, increased GH after fusion of growth plates

- macroglossia is commonly seen

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cardiolipan… is normal in which tissue, is used for dx in which disease?

inner mitochondrial membrane

- syphilis

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abnormally high arch– pes cavus, is seen in… which is due to… (genetics)

friedrich’s ataxia

- unstable repeats, expansion, dysfunctional protein synthesis (frataxin)

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procarbazine is a ….(class) which makes you worry about…

MAOI

- HTN crisis

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positively charged amino acids (3)

-arginine, lysine, histidine

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scalded skin syndrome affects what part of skin cells

-desmosomes (or macula adherens)

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initial screen for HIV is through… which is confirmed by…

ELIZA (antigen-antibody)

- western blot

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urea cycle begins in… the rest of the steps take place in..

mitochondrial matrix

- cytoplasm

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bonds between… and a… (DNA) are more difficult to break (require more heat to denature) because they have 3 hydrogen bonds

-G and C

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Hyper IgM is due to deficiency of

-CD40 on CD4 cells, can’t covert IgM to new Ig types

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give… with imipenem, because …

cilastatin

- it inhibits renal metabolism and nephrotox by dehydropeptidase-I

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toxoplasmosis is found in…

-raw meat and cat feces

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northern blot detects … using … probe

- DNA

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southern blot detects … using … probe

- DNA

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SCID, due to defect in…

-adenosine deaminase

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HIV prophylaxis for childbirth is… bad SE is …

zidovudine

- megaloblastic anemia

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cyanide MOA...

-prevents the final stage of oxidative phosphyrlation (oxygen as the ultimate electron acceptor), preventing energy production

a/B tubulin vs gamma-tubulin

- a/B make microtubule spindle fibers | - gamma makes centrioles

slapped cheeks rash...

- parvovirus, B19 - fifth disease - self-limited

milky blood draw....

-lipoprotein lipase deficiency

essentail AA's lacking in plant based diet (2)... (kwashiorkor)

- tryptophan | - lysine

interferon gamma is released by... and acts to ....

- T-helper 1 cells | - activate macrophages

wiskott-aldrich (3 features) also genetics

- exzema, thrombocytopenia and increased infections | - recessive defect in WASP gene

passive immunization... (To Be Healed Rapidly)

-Tetanus, Botulinum, Hepatitis B, Rabies

anaphylaxis is triggered by what cellular mechanisms... (complement and effector cells)

- C3a and C5a bind IgE on mast cells and basophils | - Histamine release

what is a hapten? give a (commonly tested) example.

- a molecule that on its own is not immunogenic, but when bound to protein will cause immune response - penicillin bound to RBC's causing drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia

to treat MS, you can use a recombinant cytokine....

-B-interferon

HLA-DR2 is associated with...(3)

- MS - goodpastures - SLE

HLA-DR4 is associated with... (2)

- T1DM | - RA

name the glucose transporter for: | pancreatic b islet cells, hepatocytes, myocytes, adipocytes, enterocytes, RBCs

- pancreatic beta cells: GLUT2 - hepatocytes: GLUT2 - myocytes: GLUT4 - adipocytes: GLUT4 - enterocytes: SGLT - RBCs: GLUT1

pertussis is cultured on... (2) (one of which is referred to as a type of tuber)

- bordet-gengou (potato agar) | - regan-lowe

what cell secretes IL-12? what does IL-12 do?

- macrophages | - converts naive T-cells into Th1 cells

brutons agammaglobulinemia... defect in... resulting in... | T cells?

- tyrosine kinase needed for maturation of B-lymphocytes - low levels of all b-cell types - T-cells are normal - Tx: IVIG

HIV med assoc w/bone marrow suppression and megaloblastic anemia

-zidovudine

vaccine to avoid with sz disorder?

-DPT

most common inherited bleeding disorder? what lab values are important? (2)

- Von Willebrands | - PTT and bleeding time

Neurofibromatoma type I vs type II`

- type I: cafe au lait, spine abnormalities, cutaneous nodules (von Recklinghausen), chromosome 17, AD - type II: aucoustic schwanommas, ependymomas, miningiomas, juveniele cataracts, chromosome 22, AD

leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD), surface receptor is missing?

-CD 18

cherry red and eye exam... think about (2)

- neimann pick | - tay sachs

1st and 2nd line for status epilepticus... (bonus points for MOA)

- benzo... increased frequency of Cl channel opening | - barbituate... increased duration of opening

hernia... MD's don't Lie! also, reducibility?

- medial direct (easily reducible) | - lateral indirect (difficult to reduce, more common congenitally)

anti-IgG is also known as...

-rheumatoid factor

Gq coupled protein receptors are found with.....

-histamine1, muscarinic 1 and 3, alpha 1

homogenistic acid deficiency... clinical presentation

- black urine - hyperpigmented cartilage - joint pain - nephrolithiasis

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

- steroid synthesis - membrane synthesis and repair - detoxification

drugs that follow zero-order elimination (decrease linearly with time) (3)

- PEA | - phenytoin, ethanol, aspirin (high dose)

PKU results in build up of.... and deficiency of...

- phenylalanine | - tyrosine

lesch neyan can cause what blood abnormality

-b12 deficiency and megaloblastic anemia

amantidine is used in two conditions, name them, and the MOA in each

- flu... binds to M2 protein, inhibiting pump, preventing viral uncaoting - parkinsons... stimulates release of endogenous DA

infections with both staph and strep, and some albinism...

-chédiak-higashi

maple syrup urine dz has.... urinary glucose levels

- low | - hypoglycemic

basophilic stippling, associated with...

-lead poisoning

Misc Flashcards

(60 cards)