Module 11: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

the 3 major types of blood vessels in the body are the

Answer 1

arteries , veins and capillaries

Question 2

systole

Answer 2

rhythmic contraction phase of the cardiac cycle

Question 3

the electrical impulse that triggers the contraction of the heart muscle originates in the _____ node

Answer 3

sinoatrial

Question 4

coron/o

Answer 4

heart

Question 5

atri/o

Answer 5

atrium

Question 6

a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the

Answer 6

pulmonary vein

Question 7

blood vessels that permit oxygen and nutrients to exchange with carbon dioxide and waster materials are called

Answer 7

capillaries

Question 8

the thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of the muscle is the

Answer 8

myocardium

Question 9

the calico that lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the _____ valve

Answer 9

tricuspid

Question 10

the two upper chambers of the heart are the _____ and the two lower chambers are the _____

Answer 10

atria, ventricles

Question 11

the _____ brings. oxygen-poor blood into the heart from the upper parts of the body

Answer 11

superior vena cava

Question 12

the saclike membrane surrounding the heart is the

Answer 12

pericardium

Question 13

the force of the blood being ejected from the heart causes a regular expansion and contraction of the arterial walls is called

Answer 13

pulse

Question 14

as blood enters the right atrium, from the venue cave, it flows next through the ____,____, and ____

Answer 14

tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve

Question 15

the area of specialized cardiac tissue that receives the cardiac impulse from the sinoatrial node is the

Answer 15

atrioventricular node

Question 16

the largest artery in the body is the

Answer 16

aorta

Question 17

the medical term for small artery is a

Answer 17

arteriole

Question 18

ischemia

Answer 18

decreased blood flow

Question 19

atrial flutter

Answer 19

cardiac dysrhythmia characterized by rapid, regular contractions

Question 20

aneurysm

Answer 20

widening of a weakened portion go an arterial wall

Question 21

rheumatic heart disease

Answer 21

heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

Question 22

peripheral arterial disease

Answer 22

blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys and other organs

Question 23

myocardial infraction

Answer 23

interrupted blood flow that kills myocardial tissue

Question 24

mitral valvue prolapse

Answer 24

condition in which the valve between the left atrium and ventricle becomes enlarged and protrudes into the left atrium during systole

Question 25

congestive heart failure

Answer 25

a disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements

Question 26

atrial septal defect

Answer 26

a small hole in the wall between the atria

Question 27

peripheral vascular disease

Answer 27

the abnormality that refers to the intermittent ischemic attacks that affect arterioles of the skin is

Question 28

patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 28

a congenital heart disease in which the blood flows from the aorta into the pulmonary artery though a small opening

Question 29

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 29

a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest

Question 30

coarctation of the aorta

Answer 30

a congenital defect characterized by a narrowing of the aorta

Question 31

diastolic congestive heart failure

Answer 31

fluid backs up in the lungs and other parts of the body

Question 32

thrombotic occlusion

Answer 32

blocking of a coronary artery by a clot

Question 33

bacterial endocarditis produces lesions resembling cauliflower called ______ that break off into the bloodstream as ______

Answer 33

vegetations, emboli

Question 34

deep vein thrombosis

Answer 34

when a blood clot forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb

Question 35

fibrillation

Answer 35

extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the hear muscle

Question 36

palpitations

Answer 36

uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmia's that make you aware of your heartbeat

Question 37

the nuclear scanning technique can detect schema and myocardial function

Answer 37

PET

Question 38

_____ is used to treat arrhythmias

Answer 38

digoxin

Question 39

_____ graphs is the use of high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart muscle

Answer 39

echocardiography

Question 40

electron beam computed tomography

Answer 40

this diagnostic imaging procedure can identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries

Question 41

angiography

Answer 41

radiographic imaging of the large blood vessels after the injection of radiopaque dye

Question 42

CABG

Answer 42

the surgical joining of vessel grafts to existing coronary arteries to maintain blood supply to the myocardium

Question 43

stent

Answer 43

a tube that is mesh like or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction

Question 44

technetium-99m sestamibi scan

Answer 44

a nuclear imaging test done to assess the function of the heart and cardiac output

Question 45

biventricular pacemaker

Answer 45

enables ventricles to beat together in synchrony so that more blood is pumped out of the heart

Question 46

nitroglycerin

Answer 46

treatment for acute angina attacks

Question 47

duplex ultrasound

Answer 47

a combination of doppler and conventional ultrasound

Question 48

ICD

Answer 48

device implanted in the chest that can sense and correct arrhythmias

Question 49

catheter ablation

Answer 49

catheter delivery of a high-frequency current to damage a small part of the heart muscle to reverse an abnormal heart rhythm

Question 50

defibrillation

Answer 50

the application of electrical discharges across the chest to stop ventricular fibrillation

Question 51

ECMO

Answer 51

the technique of using heart-lung machine to divert blood from the heart and lungs during heart surgery

Question 52

magnetic resonance angiography

Answer 52

is a type of MRI that produces very detailed images of blood vessels

Question 53

systemic circulation

Answer 53

the circuit that the blood follows from the heart to the body's tissues and back

Question 54

cardiac biomarker

Answer 54

used to find evidence of a heart attack

Question 55

heart valves are necessarily designed to

Answer 55

keep blood flowing in one direction

Question 56

in systemic circulation, blood flows to the ____ after it leaves the left side of the heart

Answer 56

aorta

Question 57

advanced atherosclerosis could likely lead to

Answer 57

myocardial infarction

Question 58

petechiae

Answer 58

small, pinpoint hemorrhages

Question 59

damaged or incompetent venous valves that fault to precent backward flow of blood can lead to the development of

Answer 59

varicose veins

Question 60

sphygm/o

Answer 60

pulse

Question 61

inter ventricular septum

Answer 61

wall between the ventricles of the heart

Question 62

intermittent claudication

Answer 62

cramp like pain in the calf muscles caused by exercise and relieved by rest

Question 63

murmur

Answer 63

prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves