Module 7: Urinary System

Question 1

the process whereby renal tubules return material necessary to the body back into the bloodstream is

Answer 1

reabsorption

Question 2

calic/o

Answer 2

calyx

Question 3

glomerul/o

Answer 3

glomerulus

Question 4

trigon/o

Answer 4

trigone

Question 5

the major function of the urinary system is to

Answer 5

secrete nitrogenous waste

Question 6

the term for expelling urine from the urethra is

Answer 6

voiding

Question 7

the renal hormone that stimulates red blood cell production is

Answer 7

erythropoietin

Question 8

the depression on the medial border of the kidney through which nerves and blood vessels pass is called the

Answer 8

hilum

Question 9

what is the structure that carries blood to the kidney?

Answer 9

renal artery

Question 10

which structure is the central collecting region in the kidney?

Answer 10

renal pelvis

Question 11

what is the sac that holds urine called

Answer 11

urinary bladder

Question 12

the small, cup shaped region that collects urine is called

Answer 12

calyx

Question 13

which structure is a tiny ball of capillaries?

Answer 13

glomerulus

Question 14

which structure carries blood away from the kidney?

Answer 14

renal vein

Question 15

the tube leading from each kidney to the bladder is called a

Answer 15

ureter

Question 16

during filtration, blood pressure forces materials through _____, which act as filters

Answer 16

glomeruli

Question 17

a chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water is an

Answer 17

electrolyte

Question 18

a term for the hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure is

Answer 18

renin

Question 19

what is the name if the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 19

nephron

Question 20

a nitrogenous waste excreted in urine is

Answer 20

urea

Question 21

nephr/o

Answer 21

kidney

Question 22

pus in urine is called

Answer 22

pyuria

Question 23

the retention of urea and nitrogen in the blood is called

Answer 23

uremia

Question 24

the abnormal condition of the kidney characterized by marked proteinuria and edema (swelling) is called

Answer 24

nephrotic syndrome

Question 25

the urine test that reflects the amount of wastes, minerals and solids in the urine is called

Answer 25

specific gravity

Question 26

the pH of normal urine is

Answer 26

slightly acidic

Question 27

______ is an indication that the body is burning fat for energy

Answer 27

ketonuria

Question 28

inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules is called

Answer 28

interstitial nephritis

Question 29

kidney stones are also known as renal calculi

Answer 29

true

Question 30

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma is called

Answer 30

pyelonephritis

Question 31

a malignant tumour of the kidney that occurs in childhood is

Answer 31

wilms tumor

Question 32

this condition occurs when too little insulin is secreted or insulin cannot be used properly by the body

Answer 32

diabetes mellitus

Question 33

pyel/o

Answer 33

renal pelvis

Question 34

what does kidney ureters and bladder (KUD) do?

Answer 34

x-ray series that demonstrates the size and location of the kidneys

Question 35

the test that measures the ability of the kidney to remove creatinine from the blood is called

Answer 35

creatinine clearance

Question 36

which technique removes impurities (wastes) from the bloodstream because the kidneys are no longer able to do so?

Answer 36

dialysis

Question 37

radiographic examination with contrast agent of the blood vessels of the kidney is called

Answer 37

renal angiography

Question 38

which is the diagnostic procedure that involves the introduction of a hollow metal tube into the urinary meatus and up unto the bladder?

Answer 38

cystoscopy

Question 39

the diagnostic imaging procedure for the kidney that is enhanced by the injection go radioactive substance into the bloodstream is

Answer 39

a radioisotope scan

Question 40

retrograde pyelogram (RP)

Answer 40

x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after contrast material is injected through a catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Question 41

CAPD stands for

Answer 41

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Question 42

magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 42

a cylinder-shaped machine produces an image using a changing magnetic field to capture the movement of protons within the body

Question 43

what medical term means the process of crushing stones?

Answer 43

lithotripsy

Question 44

what surgical procedure is performed to open narrowed areas in renal arteries?

Answer 44

renal angioplasty

Question 45

creatinine clearance is used to stage the extent of what disease?

Answer 45

chronic kidney disease

Question 46

why would the surgeon create an arteriovenous fistula?

Answer 46

to aid hemodialysis

Question 47

meat/o

Answer 47

meatus

Question 48

-tripsy

Answer 48

to crush

Question 49

an acute reaction to certain drugs that leads to poor renal function, fever and rash accompanied by eosinophils in the urine is called

Answer 49

interstitial nephritis

Question 50

the inner region of the kidney is called the

Answer 50

medulla

Question 51

the ______ is the microscopic tube where urine is formed

Answer 51

renal tubule

Question 52

the ______ is the cup-shaped capsule surrounding the glomeruli

Answer 52

bowman's capsule

Question 53

when the kidney fails to excrete urine _____ has occurred

Answer 53

renal failure

Question 54

high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease is called

Answer 54

renal hypertension

Question 55

diabetes insipidus occurs when ____ is inadequately produced or improperly used in the body

Answer 55

antidiuretic hormone

Question 56

one of the substances tested for in urinalysis is the hemoglobin pigment called ______

Answer 56

bilirubin

Question 57

excessive blood acidity due to dangerous levels of blood ketones is called

Answer 57

ketoacidosis

Question 58

what laboratory value is used to stage chronic kidney disease?

Answer 58

creatinine clearance