Module 17: Sense organs: The Eye and Ear

Question 1

ir/o

Answer 1

iris

Question 2

vitre/o

Answer 2

glassy

Question 3

lacrim/o

Answer 3

tears

Question 4

queues humor

Answer 4

fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye

Question 5

the ability to see one image using both eyes

Answer 5

bifocal vision

Question 6

rods

Answer 6

the sensitive receptor cells of the retina responsible for peripheral vision

Question 7

fovea centralis

Answer 7

location of the area of sharpest vision in the eye

Question 8

refraction

Answer 8

the bending of the light rays as they pass through the corner lens and other structure of the eye en route to the retina

Question 9

iris

Answer 9

colour portion of the eye

Question 10

pupil

Answer 10

dark opening in the centre of the iris

Question 11

lens

Answer 11

transparent biconvex body behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays

Question 12

choroid

Answer 12

middle vascular layer of the eye

Question 13

ciliary body

Answer 13

the structure that contains the muscles that control the shape of the lens

Question 14

fundus

Answer 14

the posterior inner part of the eye

Question 15

optic disc

Answer 15

blind spot

Question 16

conjunctiva

Answer 16

delicate membrane that lines the undersurface of the eyelids and covers the anterior eyeball

Question 17

optic chasm

Answer 17

the point at which optic nerve fibres cross in the brain

Question 18

accommodation

Answer 18

when the cilliary body changes the size and shape of the lens by contracting or relaxing

Question 19

accommodation

Answer 19

when the cilliary body changes the size and shape of the lens by contracting or relaxing

Question 20

-opia

Answer 20

sight

Question 21

the leading cause of blindness in the elderly is

Answer 21

macular degeneration

Question 22

chalazion

Answer 22

small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid

Question 23

blepharitis

Answer 23

inflammation of the eyelid

Question 24

diplopia

Answer 24

double vision

Question 25

farsightedness

Answer 25

hyperopia

Question 26

presbyopia

Answer 26

impaired vision due to aging

Question 27

nearsightedness

Answer 27

myopia

Question 28

amblyopia

Answer 28

partial loss of vision

Question 29

astigmatism

Answer 29

defective curvature of the cornea or lens

Question 30

macular degeneration

Answer 30

progressive deterioration of the macula of the retina and the chord layer of the eye

Question 31

xanthelasma

Answer 31

raised yellowish plaque on the eyelid caused by a lipid disorder

Question 32

cataract

Answer 32

clouding of the lends, causing decreased vision

Question 33

hordeolum

Answer 33

infection of sebaceous gland producing small, superficial white nodule along the lid margin

Question 34

xerophthalmia

Answer 34

dry eye

Question 35

esotropua and exotroia are examples of

Answer 35

strabismus

Question 36

loss of vision in half of the visual field that can occur with a stroke

Answer 36

hemianopsia

Question 37

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes is

Answer 37

nystagmus

Question 38

symptoms of this condition include floaters in the visual field and photopsia

Answer 38

retinal detachment

Question 39

glaucoma

Answer 39

when the outflow of aqueous humour is blocked causing an increase in intra-ocular pressure which over time causes loss of vision

Question 40

kerat/o

Answer 40

cornea

Question 41

enucleation

Answer 41

removal of the eyeball

Question 42

slit-lamp examination

Answer 42

examination of the anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification

Question 43

tonometry

Answer 43

measures intraoccqular pressure

Question 44

miotic

Answer 44

glaucoma treatment that improves drainage of aqueous humour and contracts the pupil of the eye

Question 45

fluorescein angiography

Answer 45

a procedure that uses a dye to visualize blood flow in the retina. can be used to detect diabetic retinopathy

Question 46

visual examination of the interior of the eyes

Answer 46

opthalmoscopy

Question 47

this test uses a snellen chart to assess clarity of vision

Answer 47

visual acuity test

Question 48

a visual field test measures

Answer 48

peripheral vision

Question 49

this procedure used a precisely focused light beam to seal leaky blood vessels

Answer 49

laser photocoagulation

Question 50

LASIK

Answer 50

use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction

Question 51

phacoemulsification

Answer 51

a common surgery to cataract removal that uses ultrasonic vibrations to break up the lens

Question 52

scleral buckle is used to repair

Answer 52

detached retina

Question 53

vitrectomy

Answer 53

remove scar tissue and blood from the vitreous humor

Question 54

the central cavity of the labyrinth connecting the cochlea and semicircular canals is the

Answer 54

vestibule

Question 55

the snail shaped tube in the inner ear

Answer 55

cochlea

Question 56

the membrane between the middle and inner ear

Answer 56

oval window

Question 57

the maze like series of canals of the inner ear

Answer 57

labyrinth

Question 58

sound waves enter the ear with the aid of the ____, or pinna. They are conducted along the ____ to the _____, or eardrum.

Answer 58

aural, auditory meatus, tympanic membrane

Question 59

when the taut eardrum is struck by the sound waves, it begins to vibrate, moving the ____, the first of three small bones in the middle ear called ____.

Answer 59

malleus, ossicles

Question 60

after sound enters the inner ear, it is picked up by the sensory hair cells of the _____, which produce impulses that are transmitted by the auditory nerve fibres to the cerebral cortex

Answer 60

cochlea

Question 61

endolymph

Answer 61

the protein-rich fluid inside the membranous labyrinth

Question 62

endolymph

Answer 62

the protein-rich fluid inside the membranous labyrinth

Question 63

menière disease

Answer 63

a chronic disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear

Question 64

acoustic neuroma

Answer 64

benign tumor arising from the acoustic nerve

Question 65

medical term for dizziness

Answer 65

vertigo

Question 66

otitis media

Answer 66

inflammation of the middle ear

Question 67

cholesteatoma

Answer 67

collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac in the middle ear

Question 68

-cusis

Answer 68

hearing

Question 69

acoustic neuroma is a _____ tumor arising from the acoustic nerve in the brain and growing in the internal auditory canal

Answer 69

benign

Question 70

tinnitus

Answer 70

a subjective noise- such as ringing, buzzing, whistling or clicking - heard in the absence of sound

Question 71

with osteosclerosis, bone forms around the oval window, which causes a stiffening or fixation, known as _______, of the stapes bone

Answer 71

ankylosis

Question 72

audiometer

Answer 72

electronic device used to measure hearing sensitivity by delivering a series of acoustic tones that cover a range of frequencies

Question 73

audiometry is done to determine

Answer 73

hearing acuity

Question 74

otoscope

Answer 74

used to perform visual examination of the ear

Question 75

cochlear implant

Answer 75

surgically implanted device enables patients with sensorineural hearing loss to understand speech

Question 76

PE tube

Answer 76

used to treat recurrent episodes of acute otitis media

Question 77

this type of hearing loss results from impairment of the middle ear ossicles and membranes that transmit sound waves into the cochlea

Answer 77

conductive

Question 78

for the ___ test a tuning fork is placed near the patient's mastoid bone and in front of the auditory meatus

Answer 78

rinne

Question 79

for the ____ test a tuning fork is placed on the midline of the skull

Answer 79

weber

Question 80

myringotomy to ventilate the middle ear may be necessary in cases of

Answer 80

chronic otitis media

Question 81

tuning fork test

Answer 81

a test of ear conduction using a vibration source

Question 82

tuning fork test

Answer 82

a test of ear conduction using a vibration source