module 11 pt1

Question 1

what is a microbiome

Answer 1

habitat or environment with a microbial community

Question 2

microbiota (what is not microbiota)

Answer 2

all living members of the microbiome (phages, DNA, viruses, plasmids are not living so they are not a part of it)

Question 3

what is the bacterial genera in skin

Answer 3

propionibacterium

Question 4

what is the bacterial genera in saliva

Answer 4

streptococcus

Question 5

what is the bacterial genera in the urigenital tract

Answer 5

lactobacillus

Question 6

what is the bacterial genera in the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 6

bacteroidetes

Question 7

whats the major phyla resent on moist skin

Answer 7

corynebacteria

Question 8

what is the major phyla on dry skin

Answer 8

betaproteobacteria

Question 9

what can cause ulcers

Answer 9

helicobacteria

Question 10

whats common in the mucus layer of the stomach

Answer 10

firmicutes and proteobacteria

Question 11

whats common in gastric fluid

Answer 11

firmicutes
bacteroidetes
actinobacteria

Question 12

what bacteria is acid resistant

Answer 12

helicobacter pylori

Question 13

what 3 phyla’s do 98% of gut phylotypes fall into

Answer 13

firmicutes
bacteriodetes
proteobacteria

Question 14

what does not develope properly in the absence of microbial stimulation

Answer 14

the immune system

Question 15

what defines a happy and healthy gut

Answer 15

enhanced digestion
good immunity
good mental health
regulated metabolism

Question 16

where do microbes thrive in the respiratory tract

Answer 16

upper respiratory tract

Question 17

what has no normal microbiota in healthy adults

Answer 17

the lower respiratory tract

Question 18

what size of particles reach the lungs

Answer 18

10 millimeter in diameter or less

Question 19

what consists of the lower respiratory tract (anatomy)

Answer 19

trachea
bronchi
lungs

Question 20

what phyla are in the nasal cavity (3)

Answer 20

staphylococcus
corynebacterium
streptococcus

Question 21

where does neisseria sit in the respiratory tract

Answer 21

oropharynx

Question 22

what lads to biofilm formation

Answer 22

S mutant that produce a gluten matrix

Question 23

what are S mutans tolerant to ? whats the long term impact

Answer 23

acid tolerant and acid producing - long term effect is the breakdown of enamel because of acid

Question 24

what does the biofilm, dental plaque, have in it

Answer 24

streptococcus

Question 25

what can streptococcus do to a tooth

Answer 25

since it is a lactic acid bacteria, it produces acid and eventually breaks down enamel

Question 26

what is periodontal disease though to influence

Answer 26

cardiovascular disease and arthritis

Question 27

what can cause potential pathogens in the urethra

Answer 27

changes in pH

Question 28

what are potential pathogens in the urethra

Answer 28

escherichia coli proteus mirabilis

Question 29

what helps keep vagina at a pH that kills lots of bacteria

Answer 29

lactobacillaceae (firmicutes)

Question 30

what produces lactic acid by fermenting glycogen in the vagina

Answer 30

lactobacillus crispatus

Question 31

the vagina of an adult female Is __________ acidic and contains significant amount of __________

Answer 31

weakly glycogen

Question 32

what is G vaginalis a cause of

Answer 32

bacterial vaginosis

Question 33

does pH go up or down during infection

Answer 33

up (less acidic)

Question 34

what is said about the male genital tract

Answer 34

it is usually a low bacterial abundance with relatively diverse bacterial communities