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BMSC 210 > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

what is catabolism

A

breaking things to obtain energy

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2
Q

what is anabolism

A

building things - requires energy

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3
Q

what is a heterotroph

A

something that gets their carbon from organic compounds

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4
Q

what is an autotroph

A

something that gets their carbon from CO2

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5
Q

what do enzymes lower

A

activation energy

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6
Q

what’s the most effective ay for bacteria to generate energy

A

respiration

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7
Q

whats the most efficient producer of ATP and energy

A

aerobic respiration

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8
Q

what is the ONLY final electron acceptor for aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen

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9
Q

what does fermentation break down

A

organic compounds

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10
Q

does fermentation require oxygen?

A

no, but it is fine with it

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11
Q

what are the end goals of fermentation?

A

substrate level phosphorylation
regeneration of NAD+
ATP synthesis

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12
Q

why is fermentation different than respiration?

A

there is no respiratory chain - no outside acceptor molecule

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13
Q

what’s it called to produce 1 fermentation product?

A

homofermentation

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14
Q

what’s its called to produce 2 different fermentation products

A

heterofermentation

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15
Q

what is needed for fermentation to occur

A

an organic electron donor + acceptor

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of phosphorylation?

A

substrate level phosphorylation
photophosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation

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17
Q

what is nitrogen fixation

A

using atmospheric Nitrogen to create organic nitrogen

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18
Q

what does the citric acid cycle do?

A

fixes CO2

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19
Q

can bacteria and archaea fix nitrogen themselves

A

yes

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20
Q

what is elongation?

A

bacteria will get longer \

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21
Q

what is segregation?

A

long cell with chromosomes at opposite poles

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22
Q

what is a z ring formation?

A

to create the septum - it is a complex protein around the circumferance

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23
Q

what are the steps of biofilm formation

A

attachment
growth
maturation
detachment

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24
Q

is microscopy total cell count or viable?

A

total cell count

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25
Coulter counter total cell count or viable?
total cell count
26
dilution / plating total cell count or viable?
viable !
27
what does CFU stand for ?
colony forming units
28
when do counts show up as CFU?
during viable counts
29
most probable number total cell count or viable?
viable but not as good
30
turbidimetric total cell count or viable?
total cell count
31
what happens in the log phase?
cells getting ready
32
what happens in the Lag phase?
rapid increase in number of living bacterial cells
33
what happens in the stationary phase?
rate of cell division and death is pretty much equal
34
what happens in the death phase?
major death rates in bacterial cells
35
auxotroph
requires certain things because it doesn't make them
36
phototroph
self sufficient (they good at making their own stuff)
37
eutrophs
grow in high levels of nutrients
38
oligotrophy
require low levels of nutrients to grow
39
defined media
know exactly what went in
40
complexed medium
composition is unknown
41
minimal medium
just meets the requirements
42
selective medium
restricts groet or unfavourable and favours growth of desirables
43
differential medium
distinguishes 2 types
44
obligate aerobes
aerobic respiration only
45
obligate anaerobes
anaerobic resp or fermentation
46
facultative anaerobes
anaerobic reps and fermentation
47
aerotolerant anaerobes
fermentation
48
microaerophiles
aerobic respiration
49
what does oxygen lead to
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
50
psychrophile
cold loving (-10-15)
51
mesophile
medium ones (10 -50)
52
thermophile
love warmth (40-85)
53
hyperthermophile
love SUPER hot (65-110)
54
acidophile
ph 1-5 (like acidic)
55
neutrophile
ph 5-9
56
alkaliphile
ph 7-12 (like basic)
57
non halophiles
don't like salt much (0-0.3)
58
halotolerants
prefer lower levels of salt but are fine with higher (0.3-0.8)ha
59
halophiles
need high salt (0.8-3.4)
60
Extreme halophile
Need tons of salt (3.4 - 5.1)

BMSC 210 (16 decks)

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