Module 4 - Renal labeling lab

Question 1

What does the inferior vena cava do?

Answer 1

Carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.

Question 2

What is the function of the adrenal gland?

Answer 2

Produces hormones regulating stress, metabolism, etc.

Question 3

What does the renal artery carry?

Answer 3

Carries oxygenated blood to the kidney for filtration.

Question 4

What is the renal hilum?

Answer 4

Point where structures (artery, vein, ureter) enter/leave the kidney.

Question 5

What does the renal vein do?

Answer 5

Carries filtered, deoxygenated blood away from the kidney.

Question 6

What is the aorta?

Answer 6

Main artery distributing oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.

Question 7

What is the function of the kidney?

Answer 7

Filters blood to remove waste, produces urine, regulates blood pressure and electrolytes.

Question 8

What does the ureter do?

Answer 8

Tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Question 9

What is the rectum’s function?

Answer 9

Stores feces before defecation.

Question 10

What is the uterus?

Answer 10

Womb; organ where a fetus develops during pregnancy.

Question 11

What does the urinary bladder do?

Answer 11

Stores urine before it is eliminated from the body.

Question 12

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 12

Tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.

Question 13

What are renal columns?

Answer 13

Extensions of cortical tissue separating the renal pyramids.

Question 14

What is the renal sinus?

Answer 14

Space within the kidney containing the renal pelvis, calyces, vessels, and fat.

Question 15

What is the renal cortex?

Answer 15

Outer region; contains glomeruli and involved in filtration.

Question 16

What does the minor calyx do?

Answer 16

Collects urine from a renal pyramid.

Question 17

What is the renal medulla?

Answer 17

Inner region; contains renal pyramids and involved in concentrating urine.

Question 18

What is the renal capsule?

Answer 18

Protective outer fibrous layer surrounding the kidney.

Question 19

What does the renal pelvis do?

Answer 19

Funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the major calyces and leads to the ureter.

Question 20

What does the major calyx do?

Answer 20

Collects urine from minor calyces and drains into the renal pelvis.

Question 21

What does the afferent arteriole do?

Answer 21

Carries blood into the glomerulus.

Question 22

What are glomerular capillaries?

Answer 22

Site of filtration where fluid and solutes are forced out of blood.

Question 23

What does the efferent arteriole do?

Answer 23

Carries blood away from the glomerulus.

Question 24

What is the glomerular capsule?

Answer 24

Collects the filtrate from the glomerulus.

Question 25

What does the rest of the renal tubule containing filtrate do?

Answer 25

Processes filtrate through reabsorption and secretion to form urine.

Question 26

What are peritubular capillaries?

Answer 26

Tiny vessels surrounding tubules; involved in reabsorption and secretion exchange with the filtrate.

Question 27

What is glomerular filtration?

Answer 27

Process of filtering blood plasma from glomerulus into glomerular capsule.

Question 28

What is tubular resorption?

Answer 28

Moving substances from filtrate back into the blood.

Question 29

What is tubular secretion?

Answer 29

Moving substances from blood into the filtrate (adding to urine).

Question 30

What is the cortex of the kidney?

Answer 30

Outer region containing glomeruli, proximal/distal tubules; site of initial filtration and much reabsorption/secretion.

Question 31

What is the medulla of the kidney?

Answer 31

Inner region containing Loops of Henle and collecting ducts; primarily involved in concentrating urine.

Question 32

What does the ascending or thick limb of the nephron loop do?

Answer 32

Reabsorbs salts (active transport); impermeable to water, diluting filtrate.

Question 33

What does the descending or thin limb of nephron do?

Answer 33

Permeable to water, reabsorbs water by osmosis, concentrating filtrate.

Question 34

What are vasa recta?

Answer 34

Capillaries surrounding Loops of Henle in the medulla; help maintain the medullary osmotic gradient.

Question 35

What does the distal convoluted tubule do?

Answer 35

Further processes filtrate through regulated reabsorption and secretion (e.g., ions).

Question 36

What is the collecting duct?

Answer 36

Receives filtrate from multiple nephrons; site of final water reabsorption (under ADH control) and urea transport, determining final urine concentration.

Question 37

What is the cortical radiate artery?

Answer 37

Small artery in the cortex branching off arcuate arteries; gives rise to afferent arterioles.

Question 38

What does the renal vein do?

Answer 38

Carries filtered blood away from the kidney.

Question 39

What does the renal artery do?

Answer 39

Carries blood to the kidney for filtration.