Module 6.2 Cell Respiration

Question 1

What do cells need to do in order to stay alive?

Answer 1

Replace worn-out organelles and biomolecules and make new ones.

Question 2

What is the primary energy molecule used by cells?

Answer 2

ATP

Question 3

How do cells obtain ATP?

Answer 3

By breaking down carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins that they have eaten or made

Question 4

There is a continuous cycle of breaking down biomolecules to release

Answer 4

energy, captured as ATP

Question 5

What waste products are produced during cellular respiration?

Answer 5

• H2O
• CO2
• Ammonia

Question 6

ATP contains

Answer 6

Stored energy used to do the work of the cell.

Question 7

What is ADP?

Answer 7

A molecule with no stored energy that must be recharged to ATP before it can do work.

Question 8

How many phosphates are attached to ATP?

Answer 8

3 phosphates

Question 9

How many phosphates are attached to ATP?

Answer 9

2phosphates

Question 10

What is the bond between the second and third phosphate in ATP called?

Answer 10

High energy bond

Question 11

Mechanical work involves

Answer 11

beating of cilia or muscle contraction?

Question 12

Transport work involves

Answer 12

Transporting molecules across a membrane against the concentration gradient

Question 13

Chemical work involves

Answer 13

Making molecules such as lipids or proteins

Question 14

What is catabolism?

Answer 14

Breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones.

Question 15

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 15

A catabolic process breaking down glucose to carbon dioxide and water, producing ATP.

Question 16

The fundamental function of cellular respiration is to generate

Answer 16

ATP

Question 17

Reduction reactions means youre

Answer 17

gaining or losing an electron

Question 18

What are enzymes?

Answer 18

Proteins that can speed up a chemical reaction.

Question 19

What is an active site?

Answer 19

The region of an enzyme where a chemical reaction occurs.

Question 20

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical pathways?

Answer 20

Each enzyme does its one job and passes the product to the next enzyme.

Question 21

What is the overall equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 21

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP.

Question 22

What is produced from glucose during cellular respiration?

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Question 23

What are the steps of cellular respiration?

Answer 23

• Glycolysis
• Citric Acid Cycle
• Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 24

What does glycolysis mean?

Answer 24

Splitting glucose.

Question 25

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 25

In the cytoplasm.

Question 26

What does glycolysis produce?

Answer 26

* 2 ATP * 2 NADH

Question 27

What occurs during the preparatory step of cellular respiration?

Answer 27

Conversion of 2 pyruvates into 2 acetyl CoA.

Question 28

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer 28

In the mitochondrial matrix.

Question 29

What is produced during the citric acid cycle?

Answer 29

* 2 ATP * 6 NADH * 2 FADH2

Question 30

What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain?

Answer 30

They give up their hydrogens to proteins which transport these H+ ions.

Question 31

What does oxidative phosphorylation produce?

Answer 31

ATP.

Question 32

How many ATP are produced from glycolysis and fermentation combined?

Answer 32

2 ATP.

Question 33

How many ATP does cellular respiration produce per glucose?

Answer 33

32 ATP.

Question 34

What is lactic acid fermentation?

Answer 34

The process where pyruvate and NADH produce lactic acid and regenerate NAD+.

Question 35

True or False: Fermentation produces ATP.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What is the main purpose of fermentation?

Answer 36

To regenerate NAD+ in the absence of oxygen.

Question 37

In terms of efficiency, how much more ATP does cellular respiration produce compared to fermentation?

Answer 37

19 times more.