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Y1 - MSK > MSK Dissection 2 - Hip And Posterior Thigh And Gluteal Region > Flashcards

MSK Dissection 2 - Hip And Posterior Thigh And Gluteal Region Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

How many superficial gluteal muscles are there?

A

4

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2
Q

What are the 4 superficial gluteal muscles?

A

Gluteus Maxiumus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Fascia Latae

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3
Q

Out of the 4 superficial gluteal muscles which muscle covers the other muscles?

A

Gluteus maximus

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4
Q

Out of the 4 gluteal muscles which muscle is the most lateral?

A

Tensor Fascia Latae

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5
Q

What nerve innervates Gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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6
Q

What nerve innervates Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Tensor Fascia Latae?

A

Superior Gluteal nerve

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7
Q

Where is the origin of gluteus maximus?

A

Posterior aspect of iliac crest

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8
Q

Where is the 3 insertion points of gluteus maximus?

A

Iliotibial band
Greater trochanter of femur
Gluteal tuberosity

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9
Q

Where is the origin of gluteus medius?

A

Gluteal surface of ilium (Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines)

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10
Q

Where is the insertion point of gluteus medius?

A

Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

What is the origin of gluteus minimus?

A

Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal lines)

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12
Q

What is the insertion point of gluteus minimus?

A

Anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur

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13
Q

Where do Gluteus Maximus, medius and minimus all originate?

A

Gluteal surface of ilium

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14
Q

What is the job of gluteus maximus?

A

Hip extensor
Helps lateral rotation

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15
Q

What is the job of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

ABduction
Medial/internal rotation

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16
Q

What factors stabilise the hip?

A

Acetabulum is deep cup shaped
Acetabulum labrum deeps acetabulum
The Capsule
Ligamentum teres (Ligament around the head of femur)
Extracapsular ligaments
Muscles around hip joint

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17
Q

What is the deep fascia of the thigh called?

A

Fascia lata

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18
Q

Where does the iliotibial tract (IT band) run from and to?

A

Iliac crest
Lateral tibial condyle (This is the proximal part of the tibia, No condyles on distal aspect)

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19
Q

Where does tensor fascia Latae originate?

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

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20
Q

Where does Tensor Fascia Latae insert?

A

Between the 2 layers of the Iliotibial band (into IT band)

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21
Q

What is the role of Tensor Fascia Latae?

A

Stabilises hip in extension (pulls on IT band)
Helps stabilise the kness
Assist gluteus medius and minimus in ABduction of hip

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22
Q

Generally what is the function of the superficial gluteal muscles?

A

ABductions
Thigh extension

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23
Q

What is the general function of the deep gluteal muscles?

A

External rotaters of femur

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24
Q

What are the 5 deep gluteal muscles going from proximal to head to most distal?

A

Piriformis
Superior Gemellus
Obturator Internus
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus femoris

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25
What occurs with Superior Gluteal Nerve injury?
Nerve supples the ABductors of the hip (Gluteus Medius and Minimus) So if damaged, if person stands on 1 leg on damaged nerve side, that hip rises causing tilted pelvis Called Trendelenburg sign
26
What emerges inferior to the Piriformis?
Sciatic nerve
27
What is the function of Piriformis?
External rotation ABduction
28
What nerve supplies Piriformis?
Nerve to Piriformis
29
What separates the superior and inferior Gemellus?
Obturator internus tendon
30
Where does the superior Gemellus originate?
Ischial spine
31
Where does the inferior Gemellus originate?
Ischial tuberosity
32
Where does the superior and inferior Gemellus insert?
Greater trochanter of femur (posterior)
33
Where does Piriformis originate?
Anterior surface of sacrum
34
Where does Piriformis insert?
Greater trochanter of femur
35
Where does Obturator Internus originate?
Obturator membrane (medial surface) Obturator membrane fills Obturator foramen
36
Where does Obturator internus insert?
Greater trochanter of femur (Posterior)
37
Where does Quadratus Femoris originate?
Ischial tuberosity
38
Where does Quadratus Femoris insert?
Intratrochanteric crest (quadrate tubercle)
39
What is the function of Quadratus femoris?
External rotator of thigh
40
What is the nerve supply to the Superior Gemellus and the Obturator Internus?
Nerve to Obturator Internus
41
What is the nerve supply to Inferior Gemellus and Quadratus Femoris?
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
42
What are the 4 muscles of the Posterior thigh?
Biceps Femoris Long Head Biceps Femoris Short Head Semitendinosis Semimembranosis
43
Which of the hamstring muscles is most medial?
SemiMembranosis M = Medial
44
How does the position of Semimembranosis compare to that of semitendonosis?
More medial More deep
45
Which muscle is most lateral of the hamstrings?
Biceps femoris
46
How does the position of the short head of biceps femoris compare to the long head?
Short head sits more deep than long head
47
The hamstring muscles all have the same origin except the short head of biceps femoris, what is the origin of Semimembranosis, semitendonosis and biceps femoris (Long head)?
Ischial tuberosity
48
What nerve supplies semimembranosis, semitendonosis and long head of biceps femoris?
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
49
Where does the short head of biceps femoris originate?
Linea Aspera
50
What innervates the short head of biceps femoris?
Common fibular division of sciatic nerve
51
What is the function of biceps femoris?
Knee Flexion Extension of thigh at hip Externally rotates hip and knee
52
Where does biceps femoris insert?
Head of fibula
53
Where does semitendonosis insert?
Medial aspect of tibia
54
What is the function of semitendonosis?
Flex leg at knee joint Extend thigh at hip internally rotates thigh at hip Medically rotates leg at knee
55
Where does semimembranosis insert?
Medial tibial condyle
56
What is the function of semimembranosis?
Flexes leg at knee Extends thigh at hip Medially rotates thighs at hip Medially rotates leg at knee
57
Where does the sacrospinous ligament run between>
Sacrum and Ischial spine
58
Where does the sacrotuberous ligament run between?
Sacrum and Ischial tuberosity
59
What ligament marks the inferior boundary of the greater sciatic foramen?
Sacrospinous ligament
60
Which ligament marks the superior boundary of the greater sciatic foramen?
Anterior sacroiliac ligament
61
Where are the sacroiliac ligaments located?
Found reinforcing the sacroiliac joint
62
The greater sciatic foramen is divided into 2, which muscle is responsible for this division?
Piriformis
63
What bony landmark marks the inferior boundary of the greater sciatic foramen?
Ischial spine
64
Which ligament forms the posterior boundary of the lesser sciatic foramen?
Sacrotuberous ligament
65
What is the Foramen in the greater sciatic foreman SUPERIOR of the Piriformis muscle called?
Suprapiriform foramen
66
What is the Foramen in the greater sciatic foreman INFERIOR of the Piriformis muscle called?
Infrapiriform foramen
67
Where does the superior gluteal nerve enter the gluteal region?
Above/superior to Piriformis
68
Where does the superior gluteal nerve leave the pelvis?
Via the greater sciatic foramen
69
Where does the inferior gluteal nerve leave the pelvis?
Through the greater sciatic foramen
70
Where does the inferior gluteal nerve enter the gluteal region?
Inferior/below piriformis
71
What passes through the suprapiriform foramen?
Superior gluteal nerve Superior gluteal vein and artery
72
What passes through the infrapiriform Foramen?
Inferior gluteal nerve, artery and vein SCIATIC NERVE Nerve to Obturator internus Nerve to Quadratus Femoris Pudendal nerve Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Y1 - MSK (36 decks)

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