Flashcards in MT Ch. 7-Respiratory Deck (96)
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1
What structures comprise the respiratory system?
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
2
Three parts of the process of respiration
ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration
3
ventilation
flow of air between outside environment and lungs
4
inhalation
flow of air into lungs, brings oxygen in
5
exhalation
flow of air out of lungs, removes carbon dioxide from body
6
external respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide that takes place in the lungs. oxygen enters bloodstream from lungs, carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream and enters lungs
7
internal respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level. oxygen leaves the bloodstream and is delivered to tissues, and carbon dioxide (formed from metabolism) enters bloodstream from tissues and is transported back to lungs
8
nares
two external openings in nose where air enters
9
nasal septum
cartilaginous plate that divides the nasal cavity in half
10
palate
roof of the mouth; separates nasal cavity from the mouth
11
mucous membrane
covers walls of nasal cavity, nasal septum, and most of the respiratory tract. secretes mucus
12
mucus
sticky fluid secreted by mucous membrane that traps dust and bacteria in the air and moisturizes inhaled air
13
cilia
very small hairs that line the opening of the nose and much of the airways. filter out large dirt particles before they can enter the lungs
14
paranasal sinuses
air filled cavities located within the facial bones. give resonance to voice during sound production
15
three parts of the pharynx
nasopharynx (upper), oropharynx (middle), laryngopharynx (lower)
16
function of tonsils
keep pathogens from entering the body
17
adenoids/pharyngeal tonsils
located in nasopharynx behind the nose
18
palatine tonsils
located in oropharynx behind the mouth
19
lingual tonsils
located in oropharynx behind the mouth
20
eustachian tube
auditory tube, opening found in nasopharynx. the other end is in the middle ear. it opens to equalize air pressure between the middle ear and outside
21
vocal cords
located in the larynx. folds of membranous tissue that produce sound by vibrating as air passes through the glottis
22
glottis
opening between the two vocal cords
23
epiglottis
flap of cartilaginous tissue above the glottis that keeps food and liquid from being inhaled into the lungs
24
thyroid cartilage
one of the cartilages that lines the walls of the larynx. forms the adam's apple. larger in males and helps produce deeper voice
25
larynx
located between pharynx and trachea
26
trachea
passageway for air that extends from pharynx and larynx down to main bronchi
27
bronchus
tube that enters one of the lungs; left and right
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bronchioles
narrowest branches of bronchi, end in a small group of air sacs
29
alveoli
small group of air sacs at the end of a bronchiole; 150 million in each lung
30
