MTC HISTO

Question 1

differentiate histology to histotechnology

Answer 1

Microscopic study of diseased tissue

processing of tissues in such a manner as to enable microscopy / study of the tissue

Question 2

how to secure sample transportation?

Answer 2

containers in 10% buffered formalin; ice/ dried ice for fresh samples

Question 3

red tube meaning

Answer 3

no anticoagulant

serology

Question 4

coagulant of gray tube

Answer 4

NaF

glucose estimation

Question 5

sky blue tube anticoagulant

Answer 5

3.2% sodium citrate

coagulation studies

Question 6

green tube anticoagulant

Answer 6

heparin

bone marrow test

Question 7

yellow tube meaning

Answer 7

citrate

blood culture

Question 8

pink tube anticoagulant

Answer 8

K2 EDTA, for whole blood

blood typing,

Question 9

two kinds of preservation techniques that are most commonly used:

Answer 9

REFRIGERATION

CHEMICAL PRESERVATION.

Question 10

is a process by which constituents of cells are treated in a chemical so that they will withstand subsequent treatment with various reagents with minimum distortion or decomposition and keep the tissue in as life-like manner as possible

Answer 10

fixation

Question 11

The most common type of fixation is by

Answer 11

immersion

Question 12

ideal fixative characteristics

Answer 12

prevents degeneration and autolysis

can harden to enable cutting

does not distort the cellular constituents

can support chemicals used in processing

Question 13

most common fixative to withstand subsequent tx

Answer 13

10% formalin

Question 14

alternatives for formalin

Answer 14

ethanol, methanol, acetone

Question 15

optimum size and thickness for sectioning

Answer 15

2x2x0.3
3-4mm

Question 16

stages of tissue processing

Answer 16

dehydration
clearing
impregnation
embedding

Question 17

agent used in dehydration

Answer 17

Hydrophilic agent is used which attracts water from tissue

Question 18

uses increasing strengths

Answer 18

dehydration

Question 19

objective clearing

Answer 19

the transparent appearance of tissues.

Question 20

most common agent used in deparaffination

Answer 20

xylene

Question 21

alternatives for xylene

Answer 21

Toluene
Chloroform
Citrus fruit oils
Cedarwood oil

Question 22

technique in which infiltration substance is applied for fully removing the clearing agent from the tissue and replacing it with a material that totally fills all of the tissue cavities

Answer 22

impregnation

Question 23

preferred medium for embedding

Answer 23

paraffin wax

Question 24

melting point of paraffin wax

Answer 24

52-56

Question 25

Hypertonic fixative solutions cause what artifacts

Answer 25

shrinkage and increased extracellular spaces

Question 26

isotonic fixatives causes

Answer 26

swelling

Question 27

hypotonic fixatives causes

Answer 27

swelling

Question 28

reocmmended osmolality for fixative solution

Answer 28

400-450 mOsm

Question 29

Prolonged treatment in xylene will make the tissue (artifacts)

Answer 29

brittle, crubles, crystallization

Question 30

f specimen is not cleared properly in xylene, the paraffin will not impregnate properly and will lead to

Answer 30

distortion of tissue during sectioning

Question 31

what are the requirements to tick off when submitting or receiving specimens?

Answer 31

* Ensure documentation is complete for specimen submission - Clinical history * Ensure secure sample transportation – covered containers in 10% buffered formalin; ice/ dried ice for fresh samples * Ensure sample identification * Enforce sample rejection criteria

Question 32

principle of tissue processing

Answer 32

embed tissue in a solid medium to be efficiently cut in thin sections

Question 33

what is the principle of dehydration

Answer 33

to remove fixative and water from tissue

Question 34

what is the principle of clearing

Answer 34

to remove alcohol from tissues and is replaced by fluid which is miscible with wax with which tissue must be impregnated

Question 35

principle of impregnation

Answer 35

replace clearing agent with embedding medium