Muscular System

Question 1

provides force for movement in animals

Answer 1

muscle

Question 2

prime mover or protagonist

Answer 2

flexor

Question 3

will act opposite to the flexor or antagonist

Answer 3

extensor

Question 4

helps the flexor

Answer 4

synergist

Question 5

three types of muscles

Answer 5

• skeletal
• cardiac muscle
• smooth muscle

Question 6

muscle cell =

Answer 6

muscle fiber

Question 7

striated types of muscles

Answer 7

skeletal and cardiac

Question 8

non-striated type of muscle

Answer 8

smooth or visceral

Question 9

voluntary muscles

Answer 9

skeletal muscles

Question 10

involuntary muscles

Answer 10

cardiac and visceral muscle

Question 11

reason why muscles can aid for movement

Answer 11

presence of myofilaments

Question 12

characteristics of muscles

Answer 12

• excitability / irritability
• contractability
• extensibility
• elastic

Question 13

characteristics of skeletal muscle

Answer 13

• voluntary
• striated
• multinucleated
• attached by tendons to the bones

Question 14

how to distinguish one muscle to another muscle

Answer 14

different muscle orientations

Question 15

covers the entire skeletal muscle

Answer 15

epimysium

Question 16

covers muscle bundles

Answer 16

perimysium

Question 17

covers muscle fibers / cells

Answer 17

endomysium

Question 18

attachments of skeletal muscle

Answer 18

• tendons
• aponeuroses

Question 19

cord-like attachment

Answer 19

tendons

Question 20

sheet-like attachment

Answer 20

aponeuroses

Question 21

cause of striation

Answer 21

light and dark bands

Question 22

functional unit of muscle fiber

Answer 22

sarcolemma

Question 23

what causes the movement of muscle

Answer 23

sliding filament mechanism

Question 24

[thin filament structure]

composed of _____ protein

Answer 24

actin

Question 25

reason for muscle fatigue

Answer 25

oxygen debt

Question 26

increasing ____ and lack of ____ causes the muscle to contract less

Answer 26

- acidity - ATP

Question 27

point of insertion and less movable

Answer 27

origin

Question 28

distal and more movable

Answer 28

insertion

Question 29

action

Answer 29

- bend - flex

Question 30

general actions of muscle

Answer 30

- prime mover - antagonist - synergist

Question 31

4 facts about muscle contraction

Answer 31

- all or none - not all fibers may be stimulated - muscle force depends upon the number of stimulated muscle fibers - can continue to contract unless they ran out of energy

Question 32

6 ways of naming a muscle

Answer 32

- direction of muscle fibers - relative size of the muscle - location of the muscle - number of origins - shape of the muscle - action of the muscle

Question 33

musculature of frog

Answer 33

- axial - appendicular

Question 34

disorders related to muscular system

Answer 34

- muscular dystrophy - duchenne MD - myasthemia gravis

Question 35

inherited disorder; muscle enlarge due to increased fat and connective tissue, but fibers degenerate and atrophy

Answer 35

muscular dystrophy

Question 36

lacking a protein to maintain the sarcolemma

Answer 36

duchenne MD

Question 37

progressive weakness due to a shortage of acetylcholine receptors

Answer 37

myasthemia gravis

Question 38

energy for muscle contraction

Answer 38

- direct phosphorylation - anaerobic glycolysis - aerobic respiration

Question 39

direct phosphorylation needs

Answer 39

creatine phosphate

Question 40

anaerobic glycolysis needs

Answer 40

glucose

Question 41

I band =

Answer 41

light band

Question 42

A band =

Answer 42

dark band

Question 43

H band

Answer 43

region at the center