Muscular Tissue Self-Quiz

Question 0

Wasting of muscle is …

Answer 0

Muscular atrophy

Question 1

Somatic motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates is a …

Answer 1

Motor unit

Question 2

The replacement of skeletal muscle fibers with scar tissue is …

Answer 2

Fibrosis

Question 3

The synaptic end bulbs of somatic motor neurons contain synaptic vesicles filled with …

Answer 3

Acetylcholine

Question 4

Ability of muscle cells to respond to stimuli by producing electrical impulses:

Answer 4

Excitability

Question 5

Sequence of events resulting in muscle contraction:

Answer 5

Nerve impulse,
release of acetylcholine,
muscle action potential,
release of calcium ions from sarcoplasmic reticulum,
calcium ion binding to troponin,
power stroke with actin and myosin binding and release

Question 6

The brief delay between stimulus and contraction of muscle is …

Answer 6

Latent period

Question 7

Contractile motor protein that binds to actin

Answer 7

Myosin

Question 8

Regulatory protein that blocks myosin from binding to actin while muscle is relaxed

Answer 8

Tropomyosin

Question 9

Contractile protein containing myosin binding sites

Answer 9

Actin

Question 10

Regulatory protein that hold tropomyosin in place

Answer 10

Troponin

Question 11

Protein within sacroplasmic reticulum that binds with calcium

Answer 11

Calsequestrin

Question 12

Structural protein that connects Z-disc to M-line; highly elastic and extensible

Answer 12

Titin

Question 13

Structural protein that forms the M-line by binding to titin and holding myosin ends together

Answer 13

Myomesin

Question 14

Structural protein that forms the Z-disc, binding to ends of titin and ends of actin

Answer 14

Alpha-actinin

Question 15

Structural protein wrapped around thin filament anchoring them to Z-disc

Answer 15

Nebulin

Question 16

Structural protein that links sarcomeres to membrane proteins in the sarcolemma

Answer 16

Dystrophin

Question 17

A band

Answer 17

Part of sarcomere that extends the entire length of myosin thick filaments and does not change in length during contraction;
part of thin filaments are found here

Question 18

I band

Answer 18

The part of sarcomere that does not include any myosin thick filaments, and shortens with muscle contraction

Question 19

H zone

Answer 19

Center part of A band that contains only myosin thick filaments

Question 20

M line

Answer 20

Midline of sarcomere where myosin ends meet one another

Question 21

Z disc

Answer 21

Found between sarcomeres

Question 22

Decreased tension in the sarcomere occurs when …

Answer 22

over stretched or too short

Myosin heads cannot contact actin

Question 23

Maximal tension occurs when what is optimized?

Answer 23

Zone of overlap,

where the myosin and actin filaments maximize their contact

Question 24

Four sources of ATP for muscle contraction

Answer 24

Creatine phosphate, glycolysis, anaerobic cellular respiration, aerobic cellular respiration

Question 25

Is ATP required to bind myosin to actin | OR to release myosin from actin?

Answer 25

Both! ATP hydrolysis is required to reorient myosin heads so they can bind to actin, and ATP binds to the myosin head to detach is from the actin. The contraction cycle continues as long as ATP and sufficient calcium ions are available

Question 26

Epimysium

Answer 26

Outermost connective tissue that surrounds entire muscle

Question 27

Perimysium

Answer 27

Dense irregular connective tissue separating groups (fascicles) of muscle fibers within a muscle

Question 28

Endomysium

Answer 28

Areolar connective tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers

Question 29

Sarcomere

Answer 29

Contracting unit of skeletal muscle fiber

Question 30

Synapse between motor neuron and muscle fiber

Answer 30

Neuromuscular junction

Question 31

Red-coloured oxygen-binding protein found only in muscle fibers

Answer 31

Myoglobulin | Releases oxygen when needed by mitochondria for ATP production

Question 32

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 32

Stores calcium ions within muscle cells

Question 33

Sarcolemma

Answer 33

Plasma membrane of muscle fiber

Question 34

Sarcoplasm

Answer 34

Cytoplasm of muscle fiber

Question 35

Has intercalated discs

Answer 35

Cardiac muscle

Question 36

Striated muscle

Answer 36

Skeletal and cardiac

Question 37

Contraction begin slowly and lasts for long periods

Answer 37

Smooth muscle

Question 38

Extended contraction due to prolonged calcium delivery from sarcoplasmic reticulum and interstitial fluid

Answer 38

Cardiac muscle

Question 39

Autorhythmicity only exhibited in what type of muscle?

Answer 39

Cardiac and visceral smooth

Question 40

Which muscle type has greatest capacity for regeneration?

Answer 40

Smooth muscle, via pericytes, stem cells found near capillaries and small veins

Question 41

Regulatory proteins for cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 41

Troponin and tropomyosin, same as for skeletal muscle

Question 42

Calmodulin

Answer 42

Regulator protein for smooth muscle tissue

Question 43

Sustained contraction of muscle

Answer 43

Fused (complete) tetanus

Question 44

Larger contractions resulting from stimuli arriving at different times

Answer 44

Wave-summation

Question 45

Concentric, isometric, eccentric

Answer 45

Shortening, same length, lengthening muscle during contraction

Question 46

Sustained, but wavering contraction with partial relaxation between stimuli

Answer 46

Unfused (incomplete) tetanus

Question 47

Continual involuntary activation of skeletal muscle gives ...

Answer 47

Muscle tone

Question 48

Recovery oxygen uptake

Answer 48

Amount of oxygen needed to restore the body's metabolic conditions back to resting levels after exercise

Question 49

Stress-relaxation response

Answer 49

Smooth muscle action maintaining contractile function even while stretched