Respiratory System A&P

Question 0

The upper respiratory system includes what structures?

Answer 0

The nose, nasal cavity, and the pharynx.

Question 1

Structurally, the respiratory system is made up of two parts called the …

Answer 1

… upper respiratory system and the lower respiratory system.

Question 2

The lower respiratory system includes what structures?

Answer 2

The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Question 3

Functionally, the respiratory system is divided into two parts. What are they?

Answer 3

The conducting zone and the respiratory zone.

Question 4

What are the structures that form the respiratory zone?

The respiratory bronchioles, …

Answer 4

… alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and the alveoli.

Question 5

What are the structures that from the conducting zone?

The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the …

Answer 5

Terminal bronchioles.

Question 6

The anterior portion of the cartilage of the nose is called what?

Answer 6

The septal nasal cartilage.

Question 7

What is the name of the cartilage that forms the walls of the nostrils and is located beneath the septal and lateral nasal cartilages?

Answer 7

Alar cartilages.

Question 8

The two openings of the nose is called what?

Answer 8

External nares

Question 9

The three main functions of the interior structures of the external nose are warming, moistening, and filtering air, detecting olfactory stimuli, and…

Answer 9

Modifying speech vibrations.

Question 10

The prolonging, amplifying, and modifying of vocal sounds is called what?

Answer 10

Resonance

Question 11

What are the four skull bones that contain paranasal sinuses?
The frontal, …

Answer 11

Sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillae.

Question 12

A nasal cavity that is open or unobstructed is said to be what?

Answer 12

Patent

Question 13

What is the anterior portion of the nasal cavity called?

Answer 13

Nasal vestibule

Question 14

The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into left and right sides. It is made up of hyaline cartilage and what bone?

Answer 14

Vomer

Question 15

What are the superior, middle, and inferior shelf-like projections just beyond the nasal vestibule?

Answer 15

Nasal conchae

Question 16

The nasal conchae form the superior, middle, and inferior nasal meatuses, which cause inhaled air to swirl around, warming it. What do they do for exhaled air?

Answer 16

Trap water droplets to prevent dehydration

Question 17

What are the three divisions of the pharynx?

The nasopharynx, …

Answer 17

oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

Question 18

Two auditory (pharyngotympanic) tubes from the ears open into the pharynx. They are also known as what?

Answer 18

Eustachian tubes

Question 19

The pharyngeal tonsil is also known as what?

Answer 19

Adenoid

Question 20

What are the nine pieces of cartilage that make up the larynx?
The thyroid cartilage is one.

Answer 20

Epiglottis, cricoid cartilage, and a pair of arytenoid, cuneiform, and corniculate cartilages

Question 21

The false vocal cords are also known as what?

Answer 21

Ventricular folds

Question 22

The space between the ventricular folds is known as the what?

Answer 22

Rima vestibuli

Question 23

The space between the vocal folds (true vocal cords) is called what?

Answer 23

Rima glottidis

Question 24

What is a main function of the ventricular folds?

Answer 24

Closing off the passage to the trachea, as in while holding one's breath

Question 25

What type of epithelial cells make up the vocal folds (true vocal cords)?

Answer 25

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 26

Closing all but the most posterior portion of the rima glottidis enables what?

Answer 26

Whispering

Question 27

At what level of vertebrae does the trachea divide into the right and left bronchi?

Answer 27

T5

Question 28

What vertebral levels does the larynx span?

Answer 28

C4-C6

Question 29

List the order of bronchial branching from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles.

Answer 29

``` Primary bronchi Secondary bronchi Tertiary bronchi Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles ```

Question 30

What is the name of the internal ridge at the point where the trachea splits into the left and right bronchi?

Answer 30

Carina

Question 31

The carina is one of the most sensitive areas of the entire larynx and trachea for triggering what?

Answer 31

The coughing reflex

Question 32

Secondary bronchi are also known as what?

Answer 32

Lobar bronchi

Question 33

Tertiary bronchi are also known as what?

Answer 33

Segmental bronchi

Question 34

What triangularly shaped cartilage is located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage?

Answer 34

Arytenoid Cartilages

Question 35

In addition to conducting, warming, moistening, and cleaning air, the internal nose structure also does what?

Answer 35

Lightens the skull and resonates the voice

Question 36

True or false: | The pharynx contains lymphatic tissue?

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What type of epithelium is found in the walls of the trachea?

Answer 37

Keratinized

Question 38

What are the layers of the trachea from superficial to deep?

Answer 38

Adventitia, smooth muscle, submucosa, mucosa

Question 39

What type of cells line the inner layer of the conducting organs?

Answer 39

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 40

What is a comparable surface area of the alveoli of the lungs?

Answer 40

A racquetball court

Question 41

How many respirators per minute is normal for a healthy adult?

Answer 41

I don't know yet

Question 42

What is the term given for the amount of air that one can breathe in or out above the tidal volume?

Answer 42

Reserve volumes

Question 43

The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, and is known as what?

Answer 43

Boyle's Law

Question 44

Each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure as if no other gases were present, and total pressure is the sum of all the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture. This principal is known as what?

Answer 44

Dalton's Law

Question 45

The quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is directly proportional to its partial pressure. This is known as what?

Answer 45

Henry's Law

Question 46

What is the percentage of available oxygen that enters cells in internal respiration?

Answer 46

I don't know yet

Question 47

The pneumotaxic area inhibits over inhalation. The apneustic area stimulates long deep breaths. Which area overrides the other?

Answer 47

Pneumotaxic area will override the apneustic area

Question 48

What is the Hering Breuer reflex?

Answer 48

I don't know yet