Musculo skeletal anatomy (chiro essentials pg37-39)

Question 1

What bones are intra-cartilaginous ossification

Answer 1

All long bones except the Clavicle

Question 2

What dones are inre-membranous ossicication

Answer 2

Clavicle, flat skull bones, axial skeleton

Question 3

What type of joints are immoble

Answer 3

Synarthrosis (Fibrous)

Question 4

What type of joints are slightly mobile

Answer 4

amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous)

Question 5

What type of joints are mobile

Answer 5

diarthrosis (synovial)

Question 6

What are the different axis of movement of a joint

Answer 6

uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial

Question 7

What is the classification of joints that are sutural

Answer 7

Syndesmosis

Question 8

What is the classification of joints tha are interosseous membranes

Answer 8

Syndesmosis

Question 9

What is the classification of tooth/tooth socket

Answer 9

Gomphosis

Question 10

What are the different types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 10

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

Question 11

What are examples of symphysis

Answer 11

IVD
Pubic symphysis
manubriosternal joint

Question 12

What are thee types of synovial joints

Answer 12

Planar/gliding
Ginglymus/hinge
Trochoid/pivot
Condylar/ellipsoid
Sellar/saddle
Spheroidal/ball and socket

Question 13

What is the articular surface of the synovial joints covere by

Answer 13

Hyaline cartilage

Question 14

What synovial joints do not have hyaline cartilage on their surface

Answer 14

Temporomandibular
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular

Question 15

All midline joints are secondary cartilaginous joints except for what one

Answer 15

Median atlanto-axial (atlantodental)

It is trochoid synovial

Question 16

What lines the interior of the fibrous joint capsule of the synovial joint

Answer 16

Synovial membrane

Question 17

What cells make the synovium

Answer 17

Plump cells

Question 18

What synovial cells are macrophagic

Answer 18

Type A synoviocytes

Question 19

What synovial cells secrete synovial fluid

Answer 19

Type B synoviocytes

Question 20

What is Hiltons law

Answer 20

Nerve which innervates a muscle that acts on a joint will also supply that joint and the skin around it

Question 21

What part of bone has blood vessels

Answer 21

Haversian canals

Question 22

What connects the Haversian canals together

Answer 22

Volkmann’s canals

Question 23

What surrounds the Haversian canals

Answer 23

Concentric lamellae

Question 24

What comprise the lamellae

Answer 24

Lacunae

Osteocytes

Question 25

What connects the lamellae togeher + allow osteocytes to communicate

Answer 25

Canaliculi

Question 26

What makes up the bone-marix

Answer 26

Osteoblats | Osteoclasts

Question 27

What bone cells build bone

Answer 27

Osteoblasts

Question 28

What bone cells clear bone (increase blood Ca)

Answer 28

Osteoclasts

Question 29

What is the outerlayer of cartilage made up of

Answer 29

Perichondrium

Question 30

What part of cartilage contains chondroblasts and blood vessels

Answer 30

Perichondrium

Question 31

What are the three types of cartilage

Answer 31

Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage

Question 32

Why does it take so long for cartilage to recover from damage

Answer 32

It has no blood vessels or nerves (except for the outer layer)

Question 33

What type of cartilage is made up of Type II collegen fibers

Answer 33

Hyaline

Question 34

What type of cartilage is made up of Type II collegen and elastic fibers

Answer 34

Elastic cartilage

Question 35

What type of cartilage is made up of Type I collegen

Answer 35

Fibrocartilage

Question 36

What type of cartilage is found in intra-articular discs

Answer 36

Fibroelastic cartilage

Question 37

What are the three main types of mucles

Answer 37

Skeletal Smooth Cardiac

Question 38

Which type of muscle has a central nucleus and no stiation

Answer 38

Smooth

Question 39

Which type of muscle has elongated peripheal nucleus

Answer 39

Skeletal

Question 40

Which type of muscle has intercalated discs an has a central nucleus

Answer 40

Cardiac

Question 41

What surrounds individual muscle fibers

Answer 41

Endomysium

Question 42

A bundle of muscle fibers is called what

Answer 42

Fascicle

Question 43

What surrounds a fascicle

Answer 43

Perimysium

Question 44

What surrounds the entire muscle

Answer 44

Epimysium

Question 45

What are the differnt shapes of muscles

Answer 45

``` Fusiform Parallel Triangular Pennate Circular ```

Question 46

What type of muscle is thick in the middle and tapered at each end

Answer 46

Fusiform

Question 47

What type of muscle is uniform in width

Answer 47

Parallel

Question 48

What type of muscle is fan shaped

Answer 48

Triangular

Question 49

What type of muscle is Feather shape

Answer 49

Pennate

Question 50

What type of muscle forms rings around opening

Answer 50

Circular